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??? ????? ???? ??? 1?? ????????? ?.?. ??. ????????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????. ?? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ???? ???????. ?? ????????? ????? ??? ????????? ????????????, ???? ??? ??????????, ?????????? ????????? ???????????, ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????????. ?? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????. ???????????? ?????? ???????????. ? ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????????. ????????, ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????????. ???? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????. ?? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???????, ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????, ???????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????. ???? ? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? 1?? ????????? ?.?. ??. ??? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? (????? ??? ???????). ?? ????????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????????, ???? ??? 5? ????? ?.?., ????????? ??????????? ?? ????. ??? ??????? ??. ??????? ? ?????????? ??? ???????. ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????, ??? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ???????. ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????????, ?? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????, ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????????, ?? ???? ??????, ?????? ??? ?????, ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????. ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ??????????, ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????, ???? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????.

??? 7?-3? ??. ??? ??????? ??. ???? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????????? ????????-????????. ???? ? ????????? ??? Hallstatt ?????????. ???????????? ??? ???????????? ????????? ?? ????, ??????? ???? ???? ?????????. ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????. ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?????????, ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????????. ??? 3? ????? ??? ??????? ?., ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ????????, ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??????????. ????????? ??? ??????? ????????, ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????. ??????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???????, ??? ???????, ??? ??????, ?? ????????? ??? ?? ??????.

??????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????????, ?? ????????????? ??? ??????? ???? ????????? R1a ?? ??????????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????????????? ????? ??? ?????????? I2a, ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????. ???????????? (???? ????? ??????????? ? ????????? I2a ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?????????? R1a). ??????????, ? ??? ?????? ???????????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????, ?????? ???? ????????????? ????, ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????. ??????, ????????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????????? R1b. ???????? 9 ?????????? ????????? ???????: E1b1b1 (M35), J2 (M172), R1 (M173), I (M170), G (M201), K (M9, xP), J1 (M267), H1 (M52), E ( xE1b1b1), ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????? ????????? ????. ??? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ????? ???? ????????? (??????? ???? ????????????? ???? ?????????????). ? ???? «?????????» ??????????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ?????????? – ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ????????????, ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???????????? ? (Y-DNA), ??? ?????????????? DNA (mtDNA) ??? ??? ?????????? MHC. ?? ????????? ??????? Y-DNA ???????????? ?? ?? ????????? ? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? (?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????) ??? ?? ??????? mtDNA ???? ??? ???????? ??????? (??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ??????). ????, ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? Y-DNA ??? mtDNA, ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? mtDNA. ????????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????????.