А что, если они нам не враги? Как болезни спасают людей от вымирания

M. E. Pembrey, L. O. Bygren, G. Kaati, et al. 2006. Sex-specific, male-line transgenerational responses in humans. EurJHumGenet 14(2):159–166.

Цитата Маркуса Пембрей заимствована из:

E. Pennisi. 2005. Food, tobacco, and future generations. Science 310(5755):1760–1761.

140. Gaia Vince, “Pregnant Smokers Increase Grandkids’ Asthma Risk,” New Scientist, 11 апреля 2005.

141. L. H. Lumey, A. C. Ravelli, L. G. Wiessing, et al. 1993. The Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study: design, validation of exposure, and selected characteristics of subjects after 43 years follow- up. Pediatric Perinat Epidemiol 7(4):354–367;

A. D. Stein, A. C. Ravelli, and L. H. Lumey. 1995. Famine, thirdtrimester pregnancy weight gain, and intrauterine growth: the Dutch Famine BirthCohort Study. Hum Biol 67(1):135–150;

L. H. Lumey, A. D. Stein, and A. C. Ravelli. 1995. Timing of prenatal starvation in women and birth weight in their first and second born offspring: the Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 61(1):23–30;

L. H. Lumey and A. D. Stein. 1997. In utero exposure to famine and subsequent fertility: the Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study. Am J Public Health 87(12):1962–1966;

A. D. Stein and L. H. Lumey. 2000. The relationship between maternal and offspring birth weights after maternal prenatal famine exposure: the Dutch Famine Birth Cohort Study. HumBiol 72(4):641–654.

142. R. A. WaterlandandR. L. Jirtle. 2003. Transposable elements: targets for early nutritional effects on epigenetic gene regulation. Mol Cell Biol 23(15):5293–5300.

143. Christen Brownlee, “Nurture Takes the Spotlight,” Science News, 24 июня 2006.

144. Сайт компании: www.epigenomics.de/en/Company/.

Подробнее на тему эпигенетики читайте:

G. Riddihough and E. Pennisi. 2001. The evolution of epigenetics. Science 293(5532):1063;

E. Jablonka and M. J. Lamb. 2002. The changing concept of epigenetics. Ann N Y Acad Sci 981:82–96;

V. K. Rakyan, J. Preis, H. D. Morgan, and E. Whitelaw. 2001. The marks, mechanisms and memory of epigenetic states in mammals. Biochem J 356(Pt 1):1–10.

145. D. H. Kim, H. H. Nelson, J. K. Wiencke, et al. 2001. p16(INK4a) and histology- specific methylation of CpG islands by exposure to tobacco smoke in non – small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res 61(8):3419–3424;

H. Enokida, H. Shiina, S. Urakami, et al. 2006. Smoking influences aberrant CpG hyper-methylation of multiple genes in human prostate carcinoma. Cancer 106(1):79–86.

146. Цитата доктора Дхананья Сараната приведена по ссылке:

www.telegraphindia.com/1050214/asp/knowhow/story_4376851.asp.

147. Упомянутое в главе исследование Торонтского университета:

A. Kapoor, E. Dunn, A. Kostaki, et al. 2006. Fetal programming of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function: prenatal stress and glucocorticoids. J Physiol 572(Pt 1):31–44;

P. Erdeljan, M. H. Andrews, J. F. MacDonald and S. G. Matthews. 2005. Glucocorticoids and serotonin alter glucocorticoid receptor mRNA levels in fetal guinea-pig hippocampal neurons, in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 17(7):743–749.

Приведенная в этой главе цитата взята из:

Alison Motluk, “Pregnancy Drug Can Affect Grandkids Too” New Scientist, 3 декабря 2005.

148. Цитата Питера Джонса приведена в:

Lori Oliwenstein, “USC Cancer Researchers Examine Potential of Epigenetics in Nature,” HSC Weekly, 28 мая 2004.

149. G. Egger, G. Liang, A. Aparicio, and P. A. Jones. 2004. Epigenetics in human disease and prospects for epigenetic therapy. Nature 429(6990):457–463.

150. D. Gius, H. Cui, C. M. Bradbury, et al. 2004. Distinct effects on gene expression of chemical and genetic manipulation of the cancer epigenome revealed by a multimodality approach. Cancer Cell 6(4):361–371;

R. S. Tuma. 2004. Silencing the critics: studies move closer to answering epigenetic questions. J Natl Cancer Inst 96(22):1652–1653;

M. Z. Fang, Y. Wang, N. Ai, et al. 2003. Tea polyphenol(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits DNA methyltransferase and reactivates methylation-silenced genes in cancer cell lines. CancerRes 63(22):7563–7570.

151. Цитата Даны Долиной приведена в пресс-релизе, доступном по ссылке: www.dukemednews.org/news/article.php?id=9584.

D. C. Dolinoy, J. R. Weidman, R. A. Waterland, and R. L. Jirtle. 2006. Maternal genistein alters coat color and protects Avy mouse offspring from obesity by modifying the fetal epigenome. Environ Health Perspect 114(4):567–572.

Также читайте:

M. Z. Fang, D. Chen, Y. Sun, et al. 2005. Reversal of hypermethylation and reactivation of p16INK4a, RARbeta, and MGMT genes by genistein and other isoflavones from soy. ClinCancerRes 11(19 Pt 1):7033–7041.

152. Исследование про «11 сентября»:

R. Catalano, T. Bruckner, J. Gould, et al. 2005. Sex ratios in California following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. HumReprod 20(5):1221–1227;

Про стресс, испытываемый матерями из Восточной Германии во время воссоединения семьи:

R. A. Catalano. 2003. Sex ratios in the two Germanies: a test of the economic stress hypothesis. HumReprod 18(9):1972–1975;

Про исследование после войны в Словении: