A people's tragedy

Duma, 9–10, 12–13, 61, 153, 187, 191, 202, 203, 210, 212, 215–21, 224–6, 228–9, 230, 231, 235, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 269, 270, 272, 273, 274–5, 285–7, 288, 289, 297, 302, 308, 317, 322, 332, 339, 340, 345, 347, 389, 412, 438, 448, 457, 487, 488, 579, 811; Committee of Imperial Defence, 226; dissolution of (1914), 252, 272; dissolution of (1915), 275, 276; Electoral Law, 215; and February Revolution, 326–7, 329, 330–1, 332, 333, 334–8, 341; First (1906), 202, 213–14, 220; Fourth (1912), 210, 244, 336, 449; Petrograd Soviet negotiations with, 334–8; Progressive Bloc, 274–5, 286, 326, 341; recalled (July 1915), 274–5; Second (1907), 224–5; Temporary Committee of (1917), 327–9, 330, 333, 334–8, 341; Third (1907), 225

Durnovo, P. N., 41, 158, 195 and n, 197, 201, 229, 249, 397, 811

Dutov, General A. I., 653

Dvinsk, 415, 545

Dybenko, P. E., 455, 480, 516, 662, 741

Dzerzhinsky, Felix, 81, 124, 296, 510–11, 535, 631, 633–4, 644–5, 647, 648, 667, 696n, 701, 799, 820

Economism, 148–9, 150, 152

Egorov, General Alexander, 669, 818

Eisenstein, Sergei, 184, 484, 736, 738, 806; The Battleship Potemkin (film), 184, 737; October (film), 484, 737, 739; Strike (film), 737

Ekaterinburg, 495, 584, 632, 637, 639, 650–1, 654, 753; murder of imperial family at (1918), 638–41

Ekaterinodar, 564, 565, 567, 568

Ekaterinoslav, 106, 233, 520, 661

Elizarov, Mark, 693

Elkina, Dora, 601

Engelhardt, Colonel B. A., 302

Engels, Friedrich, 130, 292, 388, 740, 747

Erickson plant, 610

Estonia, 71, 72, 73, 75, 373, 503n, 544, 548, 671, 672, 674, 701

Evert, General Alexei, 279, 281

Evpatoria, 526–7

Extraordinary Assemblies of Factory and Plant Representatives, 624, 625, 626

Factory committees, 369, 457, 579, 611, 623

Famine: of 1891, xi, 52, 129n, 157–62; of 1921, 748, 752, 769, 775–80

Fastov, 678

February Revolution (1917), 202–3, 271, 285, 288, 289, 291, 300, 302, 307–53 passim, 359, 370, 372, 376, 385, 387, 422, 514, 568

Ferghana Valley, 710

Festivals of Freedom, 348

Figner, Vera, 126, 779

Filipovsky, V. N., 324

Filosov, Dmitrii, 437 and n

Finland, Finns, 71, 72, 82, 185, 193, 202, 220, 246, 373, 374–6, 423, 425, 426, 434, 441, 469, 503n, 548, 671–2, 767, 816

First Machine-Gun Regiment, 396, 397, 421–4, 425

First World War, 249, 253–303 passim, 370, 372, 378–81, 387, 388, 402, 406–20, 438–55, 506, 534, 589, 610, 669, 696, 810; German invasion of Russia (1915), 268–9, 278, 280, 284, 285; German invasion of Russia (1918), 534, 545–6, 565–6, 573; peace talks and Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918), 468, 506, 536–48, 549–50, 573; Russian offensive (1914), 254–7; Russian offensive (1916), 279–82; Russian offensive (1917), 410–20, 422

Fofanova, Margarita, 472, 483

Food Army, 618–20

Food supply and requisitioning, 298–300, 307, 605, 607–8, 609, 611–12, 615–23, 729, 752–3,

Forced labour, 529, 723, 724, 725. See also Labour armies

Fotieva, Lydia, 693, 797

France, Anatole, 181, 243

France, French, 27, 254–5, 256, 257, 281, 293 and n, 357–8, 407, 410, 412, 418, 546n, 574–5, 576, 578

Frank, S. L., 208, 209

Fredericks, Count Vladimir, 230, 284

Free Economic Society, 159, 162, 178, 412

Freemasons, 336 and n, 384

French Revolutions, 125, 331, 333, 357–8, 410, 470, 502, 513, 615, 639, 640, 809, 811

Frunze, Mikhail, 653–4, 655

Fundamental Laws (April 1906), 215, 219, 225; Article 87, 215, 229

Gajda, General Rudolf, 653, 655

Galicia, 74, 77, 255, 259, 281, 417, 702

Gapon, G. A., 65, 173, 174–7, 178 and n

Gastev, Alexei, 722n, 744–5

Gatchina (renamed Trotsk), 672, 675; battle of (1917), 411

Gavril Konstantinovich, Grand Duke, 316, 607

Geneva, 150, 153, 178n, 180, 199

George V, King of England, 19, 345, 636

George of Greece, Prince, 16

Georgia, Georgians, 3, 71, 74–5, 76, 80, 83, 185–6, 372, 373, 374, 711, 713, 714–16, 798–9; Soviet invasion of (1921), 715

Germany, Germans, 247, 248, 250–1, 253–8, 266–70, 280, 281, 284, 285, 289, 292–3, 294, 370, 372, 374, 385–6, 408, 409, 417, 433, 440, 441, 538, 581–2, 632–3, 671, 697, 701, 714, 715, 819; anti-German basis of February Revolution, 248, 268, 284, 285, 307, 352, 414n; fraternization with Russian troops, 417–18; invasion of Russia by (February 1918), 534, 545–6, 565–6, 573, 590; occupation of the Ukraine by, 548, 555, 594; peace talks and Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, 468, 540–8, 549–50, 573, 576, 616, 625, 626n, 632, 637n

Gilliard, Pierre, 28

Gippius, Tatyana, 352

Gippius, Zinaida, 25, 251–2, 338, 437n, 448, 479, 642

Glazunov, Alexander, 606

Glinka, Mikhail, 740; A Life for the Tsar (renamed The Hammer and Sickle), 4–5, 10–11, 738

Gogol, Nikolai, 36, 37, 47, 66, 129, 222, 449; Dead Souls, 48, 278; The Government Inspector, 694

Golder, Frank, 347, 350–1

Goldman, Emma, 603, 605, 771

Goloshchekin, Fillip, 636, 638–9, 650

Gomel, 750

Gorbachev, Mikhail, 39, 222, 372, 613, 799

Goremykin, Ivan, 22, 217, 220, 275, 278

Gorki: Lenin’s country home, 627, 683, 749, 793–801, 805