The sun (to go
) down behind the hills when I (to reach) a village which (to be) only a few miles from the sea. The working day (to be) over, and the villagers (to come) home from the fields. Along the road two boys (to drive) cows and sheep in the direction of the village. I (to approach) a group of people standing near the road and (to ask) them if I could find a place in the village to spend the night. An old man (to say) he would help me. He (to take) me to his small cottage at the far end of the street. A fire (to burn) in the stove when we (to enter) the house. One girl of about eighteen (to prepare) supper in the kitchen while two other girls still (to do) something in the kitchen garden near the house. The old man (to invite) me to have supper with them. They all (to seem) to be nice people and we (to have) a friendly talk. After supper my new friends and I (to go) out into the garden. The moon (to shine) high in the sky, and the night (to be) warm and beautiful. That evening (to be) very pleasant, and I’ll remember it a long time.Разница между The Past Simple и The Present Perfect
1. Говорим или не говорим, когда что-то произошло.
В Present Perfect
важен факт совершения действия и не имеет значения, когда именно оно произошло. В Past Simple обычно указывается, когда именно произошло действие.Слова-маркеры в Past Simple: yesterday
I have ridden a horse!
–I rode a horse yesterday morning!
–2. Законченный период времени или текущий.
Если мы говорим о периоде времени, который все еще продолжается, употребляем Present Perfect
. Часто на текущий период указывают такие слова-маркеры, как todayЕсли период закончен, используем Past Simple
. На него указывают следующие слова-маркеры: last weekI haven’t seen you in the office this week.
–I didn’t see Sofie at work last week.
–3. Связь с настоящим и факт из прошлого.
У Present Perfect
всегда есть какая-то привязка к настоящему, тогда как при помощи Past Simple можно просто изложить факты о прошлом.We’re so happy! We have learnt English!
–Ivan learned English at school.
–Упражнение 30
1. Helen speaks French so well because she (to live
) in France. 2. Last night I (to feel) tired and (to go) to bed very early. 3. I (not yet to eat) today. 4. She just (to go) out. 5. It (to be) very cold yesterday. 6. She (to live) there last year. 7. Where you (to spend) your holidays? 8. He (not to eat) yesterday. 9. She (to leave) the room a moment ago. 10. When you (to meet) him? 11. The rain (to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again. 12. You ever (to spend) your holidays in the Crimea? 13. You (to play) the piano yesterday?Упражнение 31