Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity

I am especially grateful to all the zoologists, wildlife biologists, natural history photographers, and zoo biologists who generously provided (often previously unpublished) information, data, and/or original photographs in response to my inquiries regarding various species (any errors in fact or interpretation, however, remain solely my responsibility): Arthur A. Allen/David G. Allen (Bird Photographs, New i Geese; John J. Craighead/John W. Craighead (Craighead Wildlife-Wildlands Institute, Montana)—Grizzly Bears; James D. Darling (West Coast Whale Research Foundation, Canada)—Gray Whales; Bruno J. Ens (Institute of Forestry and Nature Research [IBN-DLO], Netherlands)—Oystercatchers; Ron Entius (Artis Zoo, Netherlands)—Flamingos; J. Bristol Foster (Sierra Club of British Columbia)—Giraffes; Clifford B. Frith (Frith & Frith Books, Australia)—Birds of Paradise; Masahiro Fujioka (Applied Ornithology Laboratory, National Agricultural Research Center, Japan)—Egrets; Michio Fukuda (Tokyo Sea Life Park)—Great Cormorants; Valerius Geist (University of Calgary)—Bighorn Sheep; Jeremy Hatch (University of Massachusetts)—Roseate Terns; Dik Heg (University of Groningen, Netherlands)—Oystercatchers; Denise L. Herzing (Wild Dolphin Project/Florida Atlantic University)—Bottlenose/Atlantic Spotted Dolphins; Katherine A. Houpt (New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University)—Przewalski’s Horses; George L. Hunt Jr. (University of California—Irvine)—Western Gulls; Alan R. Johnson (Station Biologique de la Tour du Valat, France)—Flamingos; Catherine E. King (Rotterdam Zoo, Netherlands) —Flamingos; Tamaki Kitagawa (Ichikawa High School, Japan)—Black-winged Stilts; Walter D. Koenig (Hastings Natural History Reservation/UC-Berkeley) —Acorn Woodpeckers; Adriaan Kortlandt (United Kingdom)—Great Cormorants; James N. Layne (Archbold Biological Station, Florida)—Botos; Michael P. Lombardo (Grand Valley State University, Michigan)—Tree Swallows; Dale F. Lott (University of California—Davis)—American Bison; Stephen G. Maka (Wildlife/ Environmental Photography, Massachusetts)—Giraffes; Michael Martys (Alpenzoo Innsbruck)—Greylag Geese; Donald B. Miles (Ohio University/University of Washington)—Whiptail Lizard identification; Gus Mills (Hyena Specialist Group, Kruger National Park, South Africa)—Spotted Hyenas; Daniel K. Niven (Smithsonian Environmental Research Unit/Illinois Natural History Survey)—Hooded Warblers; Jenny Norman (Macquarie University, Australia)—Eastern Gray Kangaroos; Yoshiaki Obara (Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology)—Cabbage White Butterflies, UV perception; David Powell (University of Maryland)—Flamingos; Mitch Reardon (Photo Researchers, New York/Okapia Bild-Archiv, Germany)—African Elephants; Juan C. Reboreda (Universidad de Buenos Aires)—Greater Rheas; Caitlin Reed (University of North Carolina/Cambridge University) —Crested Black Macaques; H. D. Rijksen (Institute of Forestry and Nature Research [IBN-DLO]/Golden Ark Foundation, Netherlands)—Orang-utans; Leonard Lee Rue III/Len Rue Jr. (Leonard Rue Enterprises, New Jersey)—White-tailed Deer, Bighorn Sheep; Susan Savage-Rumbaugh (Language Research Center, Georgia State University)—Bonobos; Carolien J. Scholten (Emmen Zoo, Netherlands) —Humboldt Penguins; John W. Scott/John P. Scott (Bowling Green State University, Ohio)—Sage Grouse; Paul E. Simonds (University of Oregon)—Bonnet Macaques; L. H. Smith (Australia)—Superb Lyrebirds; Judie Steenberg (Woodland Park Zoological Gardens, Washington)—Tree Kangaroos; Elizabeth Stevens (Zoo Atlanta/Disney World Animal Programs)—Flamingos; Yukimaru Sugiyama (Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University)—Bonnet Macaques; Angelika Tipler-Schlager (Austria)—Greylag Geese; Pepper W. Trail (Oregon)—Guianan Cock-of-the-Rock; Paul L. Vasey (Université de Montréal)—Japanese Macaques, other species; Frans B. M. de Waal (Emory University/Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Georgia)—Bonobos; Juichi Yamagiwa (Kyoto University)—Gorillas. Thanks also to the photo archives of Yellowstone National Park and the American Museum of Natural History for supplying images, and to the many publishers, journal editors, and scientists for permission to reprint previously published photographs (see photo credits on pp. 733—735).