CISSP Practice

c. Internet client

d. Web server

175. b. A thin client is a software application that requires nothing more than a browser and can be run only on the user’s computer (e.g., Microsoft Word). A thick client is a software application that requires programs other than just the browser on a user’s computer, that is, it requires code on both a client and server computers (e.g., Microsoft Outlook).

The terms “thin” and “thick” refer to the amount of code that must be run on the client computer. Thin clients are generally more secure than thick clients in the way encryption keys are handled. The Internet client and Web server are incorrect because they are not needed for the thin client to work but are needed for the thick client to work.

176. Ethernet is a part of which of the following TCP/IP layers?

a. Application layer

b. Transport layer

c. Network layer

d. Data link layer

176. d. Ethernet is a part of the data link layer, along with address resolution protocol (ARP), network interface card (NIC), and media/medium access control (MAC). The data link layer handles communications on the physical network components.

The application layer is incorrect because it sends and receives data for particular applications. The transport layer is incorrect because it provides connection-oriented or connectionless services for transporting application layer services between networks. The network layer is incorrect because it routes packets across networks.

177. Most electronic commerce server applications use which of the following?

a. One-tier architecture

b. Two-tier architecture

c. Three-tier architecture

d. Four-tier architecture

177. c. Most electronic commerce applications use the three-tier architecture, representing three different classes of computers. The user tier consists of computers that have browsers that request and process Web pages. The server tier consists of computers that run Web servers and process application programs. The database tier consists of computers that run a database management system (DBMS) that process structured query language (SQL) requests to retrieve and store data.

178. Which of the following network connectivity hardware and software devices do not perform similar functions?

a. Guards, firewalls, and routers

b. Connectors, concentrators, and sockets

c. Switches, hubs, and bridges

d. Bridges, routers, and brouters

178. b. Connectors, concentrators, and sockets do not perform similar functions. A connector is an electromechanical device on both ends of cables that permits them to be connected with and disconnected from other cables. A concentrator gathers several lines in one central location as in the fiber distributed data interface (FDDI). Sockets are endpoints created in a transmission control protocol (TCP) service by both the sender and the receiver.

The other three choices perform similar functions. The hardware/software guard system is composed of a server, workstations, malicious code detection, a firewall, and/or filtering routers all configured to allow transfer of information among communities of users operating at different security levels. Bridges are similar to switches in that both route on frame addresses. Switches are similar to hubs in that they enable communications between hosts. Bridges are routers that can also bridge; they route one or more protocols and bridge all other network traffic.

179. Which of the following uses spanning tree algorithm?

a. Firewalls, sensors, and instant messaging (IM) servers

b. Routers, bridges, and Internet relay chat (IRC) servers

c. Switches, guards, and instant messaging (IM) servers

d. Gateways, proxies, and Internet relay chat (IRC) servers

179. b. Multicast and broadcast routing is performed using spanning tree algorithm, which makes excellent use of bandwidth where each router knows which of its lines belong to the tree. The spanning tree algorithm is used to build plug-and-play bridges and Internet relay chat (IRC) servers. Each IRC server must have exactly one path to any other server. Therefore, routers, bridges, and IRC servers use the spanning tree algorithm and the other three choices do not deal with the spanning tree algorithm.

180. The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) does not do or does not have which of the following?

1. Respond

2. Ports

3. Message types

4. Message codes

a. 1 only

b. 2 only

c. 1 and 2

d. 3 and 4