Command and Control: Nuclear Weapons, the Damascus Accident, and the Illusion of Safety

“Security of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Overseas: Where Does It Stand?” Comptroller General of the United States, Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Energy, Nuclear Proliferation, and Federal Services, Committee on Govermental Affairs, United States Senate, General Accounting Office, C-EMD-81-2, November 3, 1980.

“The Security of Nuclear Weapons in Pakistan,” Shaun Gregory, Pakistan Security Research Unit, Brief Number 22, November 18, 2007.

“Selection and Use of Strategic Bases,” A. J. Wohlstetter, F. S. Hoffman, R. J. Lutz, and H. S. Rowen, U.S. Air Force Project RAND, R-266, April 1954 (SECRET/declassified).

“Shots Encore to Climax: The Final Four Tests of the UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE Series, 8 May–4 June 1953,” United States Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests, Nuclear Test Personnel Review, Defense Nuclear Agency, 1982.

“60th Anniversary of Trinity: First Manmade Nuclear Explosion, July 16, 1945,” Public Symposium, National Academy of Sciences, July 14, 2005.

“Source Book on Plutonium and Its Decontamination,” F. C. Cobb and R. L. Van Hemert, Field Command, Kirtland AFB, Defense Nuclear Agency, DNA 3272T, September 24, 1973.

“Soviet Intentions 1965–1985, Volume I: An Analytical Comparison of U.S. — Soviet Assessments During the Cold War,” J. G. Hines, E. M. Mishulovich, and J. F. Shull, BDM Federal Inc., September 22, 1995 (declassified), NSA.

“Soviet Intentions 1965–1985, Volume II: Soviet Post-Cold War Testimonial Evidence,” J. G. Hines, E. M. Mishulovich, and J. F. Shull, BDM Federal, Inc., September 22, 1995 (declassified), NSA.

“A Soviet Paramilitary Attack on U.S. Nuclear Forces — A Concept,” L. G. Gref, A. L. Latter, E. A. Martinelli, and H. P. Smith, R & D Associates, Prepared for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, November 1974 (SECRET/declassified).

“Status of the Air Force Nuclear Security Roadmap,” Brigadier General Everett H. Thomas, Commander, Air Force Nuclear Weapons Center, Presentation to the Strategic Forces Subcommittee, House Armed Services Committee, House of Representatives, 111th Congress, January 21, 2010.

“Status of the MX Missile System,” Hearing Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, Second Session, May 1, 1980.

“Strategic Air Command and the Alert Program: A Brief History,” Dr. Henry M. Narducci, Office of the Historian, Headquarters, Strategic Air Command, Offutt AFB, Nebraska, April 1, 1988.

“Strategic Air Command Operations in the Cuban Crisis of 1962,” Historical Study, Vol. 1, No. 90, February 1963 (TOP SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA/declassified), NSA.

“Strategic Air Command Participation in the Missile Program, 1 January 1958–30 June 1958,” Historical Study No. 72, Historical Division, Office of Information, Headquarters, Strategic Air Command, 1958 (SECRET/declassified).

“Strategic Command, Control, and Communications: Alternative Approaches for Modernization,” a CBO Study, Congressional Budget Office, October 1981.

“Strategic Warning System False Alerts,” Hearings Before the Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, Second Session, June 24, 1980.

“Striking First, Preemptive and Preventive Attack in U.S. National Security Policy,” Karl P. Mueller, Jasen J. Castillo, Forrest E. Morgan, Negeen Pegahi, and Brian Rosen, RAND, Project Air Force, Santa Monica, California, 2006.

“A Study on Evaluation of Warhead Safing Devices,” Headquarters, Field Command, Armed Forces Special Weapons Project, FC/03580460, March 31, 1958 (SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA/declassified).

“Subject: Report of Special Weapons Incident [W 40] Bomarc Site, McGuire AFB, New Jersey,” Detachment 6, 2702D Explosive Ordnance Disposal Squadron, USAF, to 2702 EOD Sq, Wright-Patterson AFB, June 13, 1960 (SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA/declassified).

“A Summary of NASA and USAF Hypergolic Propellant Related Spills and Fires,” B. M. Nufer, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA/TP-2009-214769, June 2009.

“A Summary of the Program to Use Environmental Sensing Devices to Improve Handling Safety Protection for Nuclear Weapons,” William L. Stevens and C. Herman Mauney, Sandia Corporation, July 1961 (SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA/declassified).

“A Survey of Nuclear Weapon Safety Problems and the Possibilities for Increasing Safety in Bomb and Warhead Design,” Prepared by Sandia Corporation with the Advice and Assistance of the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory and the University of California Ernest O. Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, RS 3466/26889, February 1959 (SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA/declassified).

“Survey of Weapon Development and Technology” (WR708), Sandia National Laboratories, Corporate Training and Development, February 1998 (SECRET/RESTRICTED DATA/declassified).

“Tech Area II: A History,” Rebecca Ullrich, Sandia National Laboratories, SAND98-1617, July 1998.

“Thule-2003—Investigation of Radioactive Contamination,” Sven P. Nielsen and Per Roos, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark, Risø-R-1549(EN), May 2006.