Dead Street

A bartender’s son, Mickey Spillane was born in Brooklyn, New York, on March 9, 1918. An only child who swam and played football as a youth, Spillane got a taste for storytelling by scaring other kids around the campfire. After a truncated college career, Spillane — already selling stories to pulps and slicks under pseudonyms — became a writer in the burgeoning comic-book field (Captain America, Submariner), a career cut short by World War II. Spillane — who had learned to fly at air strips as a boy — became an instructor of fighter pilots.

After the war, Spillane converted an unsold comic book project — Mike Danger, Private Eye — into a hard-hitting, sexy novel. The $1,000 advance was just what the writer needed to buy materials for a house he wanted to build for himself and his young wife on a patch of land in Newburgh, New York.

The 1948 Signet reprint of his 1947 E.P. Dutton hardcover novel, I, the Jury, sold in the millions, as did the six tough mysteries that soon followed; all but one featured hard-as-nails P.I. Mike Hammer. The Hammer thriller Kiss Me, Deadly (1952) was the first private eye novel to make the New York Times bestseller list.

Much of Mike Hammer’s readership consisted of Spillane’s fellow World War II veterans, and the writer — in a vivid, even surrealistic first-person style — escalated the sex and violence already intrinsic to the genre, in an effort to give his battle-scarred audience hard-hitting, no-nonsense entertainment. For this blue-collar approach, Spillane was attacked by critics and adored by readers. His influence on the mass-market paperback was immediate and long lasting, his success imitated by countless authors and publishers. Gold Medal Books, pioneering publisher of paperback originals, was specifically designed to tap into the Spillane market.

Spillane’s career was sporadic; his conversion in 1952 to the conservative religious sect, the Jehovah’s Witnesses, is often cited as the reason he backed away, for a time, from writing the violent, sexy Hammer novels. Another factor may be the enormous criticism heaped upon Hammer and his creator. Spillane claimed only to write when he needed the money, and in periods of little or no publishing, Spillane occupied himself with other pursuits — flying, traveling with the circus, appearing in motion pictures, and for nearly twenty years spoofing himself and Hammer in a lucrative series of Miller Lite beer commercials.

The controversial Hammer has been the subject of a radio show, a comic strip, and two television series, starring Darren McGavin (in the late ’50s) and Stacy Keach (in the mid-’80s with a 1997 revival, both produced by Spillane’s friend and partner, Jay Bernstein). Numerous gritty movies have been made from Spillane novels, notably director Robert Aldrich’s seminal film noir, Kiss Me Deadly (1955), and The Girl Hunters (1963), starring Spillane himself as his famous hero.

The sometime actor also appeared in two independent films (Mommy, 1995, and Mommy’s Day, 1997) written and directed by his mystery writer friend, Max Allan Collins.

Mickey Spillane died in July 2006, joining the ranks of Dashiell Hammett, Raymond Chandler and Agatha Christie, arguably the only other mystery writers of the 20th century with comparable name recognition.