Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress

and authoritarian charismatic regimes, 343

Berlin Wall, 163, 200–201, 203

East and West, 91, 202

and escape from poverty, 85

literacy in, 236

nuclear power and, 147

populism and, 341

romantic militarism/nationalism of, 165–6, 398

secularization and, 489n68

social spending in, 108, 115

Trump and, 336

woman as leader of, 214

Get Smart (TV), 300

Ghitza, Yair, 342

Gide, André, 446

GI Generation, 225

depression and, 280–81

secularization and, 437

suicide and, 280

Glazer, Nathan, 274

Gleditsch, Nils Petter, 455n19, 466n6, 470n4, 490n91

Global Burden of Disease project, 59, 467n13

Global Index of Religiosity and Atheism, 435, 489n65

globalization, 120

consumption and, 117

and economic inequality, 103–4, 111

and Great Escape from poverty, 92

and income distribution, global, 111–13, 111

lower middle classes of the rich world as losing out in, 112, 113, 118–19, 339, 340

Trump’s power limited via realities of, 337–8

women in workforce and, 93–4

and working conditions, 92–3, 94

Global Terrorism Database, 192, 193

Global Zero, 315–17, 320–21

goal-directed behaviors, 21–2. See also purpose, absence of in nature

Gobineau, Arthur de, 398

God

anthropomorphic, reason and rejection of, 8

arguments for the existence of, refuted, 421

deism, 8, 18, 22, 422, 430

pantheism, 8, 422

as testable hypothesis, 422, 423, 428

See also religion; theism and theistic morality

Golden Rule, 412

Goldman, Emma, 400

Goldstein, Joshua, 160, 429

Goldstein, Rebecca Newberger, xix, 421, 429, 455nn4,7, 456n17, 474n7, 485n104, 487nn3,5, 488nnn32,42,45, 489n54

Goodman, Paul, 456n1

Google searches, prejudice revealed through, 217–19, 218, 339–40, 471n13

Gopnik, Adam, 408

Gorbachev, Mikhail, 316

Gordon, Robert, 329

Gore, Al, 122, 145–6, 255, 382, 465n76

Goths, 398

Gottschall, Jonathan, 408

Gould, Stephen Jay, 394, 486n32

government

climate change response, role in, 141, 145–6, 148, 149–50, 152

economic inequality amelioration by, 119

Enlightenment ideal of, 12

environmental protection, role in, 133–4, 136

evidence-based policy (behavioral insights), 381

famine exacerbated by, 78, 459nn35–36

nurturing role of, 108

regulations, 90, 335

regulations compatible with markets, 364, 365

terrorism, overreactions to, 197

theocracy, 201

utilitarian principles for, 416–17, 418

vehicle safety regulations, 177–8

violent crime rates and legitimacy of, 174

voice in, and emancipative values, 224

workplace safety regulations, 186, 187

See also authoritarian governments; colonial governments; communism; democracy; fascism; freedom; human rights; imperialism; postcolonial governments

Graduated Reciprocation in Tension-Reduction (GRIT), 318, 320, 383

Grass, Günter, 447

gravitas market, 49, 293, 452

Gray, John, 191

Grayling, A. C., 455n4, 484n56, 487n1

Great Britain. See England; United Kingdom

Great Convergence, 85, 90–96, 364, 459n16

Great Depression, 170, 273

Great Escape, 54

becoming Great Convergence, 85, 459n16

capitalism and, 90–91, 364

energy capture and, 24

See also poverty; wealth

Great Leveling/Great Compression, 106, 118

great powers, definition of, 157

Great Recession (financial crisis of 2008)

and disposable incomes/poverty rates, 115, 116

economic inequality and, 97, 112

homicide rate falling during, 170–71

recovery from, 115, 116, 273

suicide rate rise since, 280

Greece, ancient. See classical Greece and Rome

Greece, modern, 108, 200

Greene, Brian, 425

Greene, Graham, 447

Greene, Joshua, 417

Greenpeace, 465n76

Green Revolution, 75–8

Gross World Product, 80–81, 81, 329, 481n13

carbon emissions plateau despite increasing, 144

economic stagnation and, 328, 480n7

as underestimate of prosperity, 81–2

Grüntzig, Andreas, 64

Guatemala, leftist guerrillas in, 158

guinea worm, 65

gun legislation, 176

Guyana, suicide and, 278

Haber, Fritz, 75, 459n18

Hadza people (Tanzania), 23, 53–4, 58, 457n4

Hafer, R. W., 244

Haider, Sarah, 442

Haidt, Jonathan, 373

Haiti, 89, 188

Hamid, Shadi, 442

Hamilton, Alexander, 13

Hammel, Andrew, 210

Hammond, Samuel, 418

Hampton, Keith, 275–6

happiness, 262–89

biological function of, 267–8

changes across age, period, and cohort, 272–4, 275

cohorts and, 273–4

distinguished from objective well-being, freedom, and meaningfulness, 264–8

evaluative/cognitive aspect, 266

and excitement about life, 288, 288

experiential/emotional aspect, 266

freedom in relation to, 265–6, 271

health and, 271

infinite increase of, as impossible, 268

objective measurement of, 266

Optimism Gap and, 268

“quiet desperation” pronouncements, 262–4, 268

richer people and countries happier, 268–71, 269

and rose-tinted memory, 48, 271

sex differences in, 284, 285

social scientists’ measurement of, 264

social support and, 271

United States’ underachievement of, 271–4, 283–9, 288, 292, 439, 475nn30–31, 483n42

See also anxiety; depression; Easterlin paradox; quality of life; suicide; well-being

Harari, Yuval, 196, 197

Hardy, Thomas, 294

Harrington, Michael, 113, 456n1

Harrison, Benjamin, 185

Harrison, William Henry, 62–3

Harris, Sam, 430, 443

Harvard University, 141, 379, 400

Hastorf, Al, 359

hate crimes

categorized as terrorism, 192

downward trend of, 219–20, 220