Hitler. 1936-1945: Nemesis

Poland: British Guarantee to Poland 155, 175, 178, 179, 190, 212, 216, 218, 237; the collapsing front in 762; Danzig Question 158, 177; death camps closed 766–7; deportation of Jews into the foreign-speaking Gau 244; Eastern Wall 244; the Einsatzgruppen 241, 243, 244, 246; ‘ethnic cleansing’ 240–1, 248, 355; as an experimental training-ground 234–5, 355; extermination of Europe’s Jews 430; fatalities 236; and the ‘final solution of the Jewish Question’ 483; first shots fired in (1 September 1939) 221–2; General Government 239, 244, 245–6, 250, 252, 279, 319, 320, 322, 323, 351, 352, 375, 462, 471, 475, 480, 488, 491, 492, 493, 494, 520, 589; the German minority 241–2; German position strengthened 165; German propaganda 200, 201; Government-in-Exile (London) 725; H and Haider want to smash Poland at breakneck speed 180; H hopes to win allies in 43; H on 191–2; H rescinds invasion order (August 1939) 214–15, 229–30; H sanctions mass murder 248; H views devastation in Warsaw 236; Haider’s speech (1939) 179–80; H’s approach changes markedly 166–7; intelligentsia 245; Jewish population 234; and the ‘Jewish Question’ 134, 317; ‘the key to the situation’ 174; military alliance with Britain 215; mobilization (March 1939) 177, 190, 229; and Moravská-Ostrava 165, 190; murder of Polish officers at Katyn (1940) 583; and the national-conservative resistance 263; a new division of 782; ‘New Order’ 243, 251, 252; Non-Aggression Pact with Germany 189, 190, 191; not expected to fight (1939) 205; the Polish front 276; a potentially hostile neighbour xlv; proposed German-Russian agreement partitioning Poland 196; revisionism 46, 95; and Ruthenia 165; scope for the Nazi Party 315; Security Police 251, 252; seeks a strong central European cordon of states 157; ‘September Murders’ (1939) 242; Soviet Union invades from the east 236; Stauffenberg’s attitude 668; Ukrainian minority 165–6; Volkstumskampf (‘ethnic struggle’) 243

Polavy bridgehead 756

police force: ideologically driven xliii; and the Jewish Question xliv

Polish air-force 236

Polish army 179, 236, 240

‘Polish Committee for National Liberation’ 725

Polish Corridor 158, 165, 166, 177, 178, 181, 190, 200, 216, 218, 219, 220, 221, 225, 238, 664

Polish crisis (summer 1939) 123, 129

Polish Question 165, 279, 321

Polish underground army 724–5

Poltava 444, 524, 527, 660

Pomerania (Hinterpommern) 235, 758, 759, 762, 779, 787

Poméen, near Leipzig 258, 259

Ponza 594

Popitz, Johannes 659, 664, 690

Posen 758, 759; Himmler speaks of vengeance against plotters 691; Himmler’s antisemitic speech to SS leaders (4 October 1943) 487, 559, 584, 604–5

Potsdam 815, 820, 826

Prague 85, 107, 112, 164, 166, 168–73, 286, 318, 481, 482, 518, 526, 683, 801

Presidential Chancellery 709, 800

Pretzsch 382, 463

Price, Ward 80

Prinz Eugen (heavy cruiser) 504

Pripet Marsh 346, 350, 368, 463, 488

Probst, Christoph 552 propaganda: and the Anschlué 76, 79; and antisemitism xliii, 141–2, 583; before ‘Barbarossa’ 386; British 432, 436; caricature of Jews 249; and Czechoslovakia 90, 91, 96–7, 99, 166, 169; displays 184; and the economic crisis 18; and the elections of 1938 82; the ‘euthanasia action’ 429; and formation of the Axis 26; and H’s memorandum (1936) 22; and national pride xxxix; and the Olympic Games 5, 8; and Pearl Harbor 445; and the plight of the 6th Army 548; and Poland 200, 201, 209, 214, 241, 242

Protestant Church xxxix, 39

Protocols of the Elders of Zion, The 588

Prussia: bulwark of the Reich’s power xviii; Finance Ministry 574–5; and Frederick the Great 277; history 581; Ministerial Council 22

putsch attempt (Munich, 1923) 31, 60, 258; annual celebration of 37, 46, 51, 137, 139, 272, 273, 420, 436, 489, 539–40, 606, 614, 739–40, 840

Puttkamer, Captain Karl-Jesko Otto von 32, 235, 294, 738, 800, 816

Q

Quisling, Vidkun 287, 289, 581

R

racecourses 575–7

racial determinism 19

racial struggle xli

Rademacher, Franz 321, 322

radicalism xliv, 73, 147, 148

radicalization xlvi, 43, 44, 64, 146, 234, 311, 314, 316, 317, 318, 324, 336, 421, 495, 508, 548, 562, 707, 708

radio see broadcasting

Radio Stockholm 816

Raeder, Admiral 43, 46, 47, 50, 94, 100, 176, 267, 286, 287, 289, 298, 301–2, 304, 307, 322, 326, 327, 341, 585, 837

Raj, the 401

Rangsdorf aerodrome 676

Rastenburg, East Prussia 334, 395, 502, 527, 602, 662, 671, 675

Rath, Ernst vom 136, 137, 138, 145

Rattenhuber, SS-Standartenführer Johann 623

Raubal, Geli (H’s niece) 36, 197

Ravensbrück concentration camp 519

raw materials: in Austria 67, 68; the crisis xxxviii, xlv, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 45, 47, 49, 68, 161, 191, 193, 294; in Czechoslovakia 89, 164; in the Ukraine 414

Rechlin, Mecklenburg 197, 806, 820