Избранные труды

3.2. The determinants of the attitude of the militia to the public are worked out less in the native literature. Some time ago a considerable number of militiamen engaged in the patrol-post service in Moscow came from rural districts. On account of the difference in their and Muscovites’ subcultures the supporters of the countryside mode of behaviour considered a great part of townsmen as public disturbers while those townsmen did not think so.

The similar regularity manifested itself in spring 1997 in perception of fans behavior. The militia men maintaining a public order at stadiums anticipated another mode of behaviour from fans than that which the fans defined for themselves. It resulted in incidents: for example in use of cudgels at the stadium in Noginsk.

3.2.1. The attitude of the militia to the public in Russia is still the object of the further thorough study.

3.3. The organizational measures of the police and the active part of the public for relations improvement.

It has been stated before that the police-and-public interaction (in a wide meaning of this term) exists objectively. Its manifestations do not depend on the fact whether the subjects of interaction are aware of it or not.

But the nature of such manifestations, their influence on the state of law and order depend on it greatly. That is why it is necessary to take organizational measures to be aimed at the improvement of the relationship both from the police’s side and from the side of the active public part, of social unions and independent organizations.

In my point of view, the aspiration for connecting all public associations of law-enforcement-orientation with the militia is wrong. This aspiration was clearly displayed in course of preparation of the draft Law on Public Participation in Maintenance of Law and Order.

Though at present there are the determinants of such a position. In Russia today the civil society is hardly able to independent actions in maintenance of law and order.

However in distinction to majority of the members of the working group for elaboration of the draft Law on Public Participation in Maintenance of Law and Order I believe that the civil society needs to be activated.

3.4. The third one is not unwanted – mass media institutions (4, 3 – 64).

In the family union of the police and the public under the present conditions the third member is inevitably exists. This member is mass media institutions. Exactly institutions but not just mass media because some mass media may be under supervision of the police.

For example, the magazine “Militia’” and the newspaper “Schit and Mech” (“Shield and Sword”) are the gist of mass media. But the institution that determines their place in a love triangle is the Joint Editorial Office of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russian Federation.

It is known that to make a revolution, no divisions are required. Two tens of devoted men on TV will be quite enough. The famous American expert on coups – Ambassador Perifua – made the following witty remark: “The Czecho-Slovak revolution is the first revolution made by television”.

The critical attitude of the law enforcement bodies to published materials is known. But it is interesting that during the Penza survey each fifth citizen drew attention to the mass media bias with regard to the militia.

4. Ways of Mutual Confidence and Cooperation Strengthening. Recommendations

1. The creation of a normative (legal) base where the rights and obligations of the public and the militia would be balanced in their interaction.

2. The creation of a normative (legal) base providing the best possible conditions for citizens to interact with the police.

3. The creation of a normative (legal) base which would aim the police to establishment of some preferable conditions for law-obedient citizens ascompared to law-disobeying ones. In procedural branches of law the subjective rights to preserve justice should be unequal.

4. The creation of a normative (legal) base which ensure the legal interests of persons cooperating with the justice anonymously on the one side, and on the other side the use of information obtained from them in criminal proceedings.

5. The creation of a social and psychological atmosphere promoting the efficient activity of the police.

6. To restore the available mechanisms and to work out any new ones for the registration and considerations of public claims against militia men in accordance with the recommendations of the UNO Economic and Social Council. To inform the public widely on the existence of such mechanisms[522].