Красноярский край: вопросы регионального развития. Практикум профессионально ориентированного письменного перевода и перевода с листа.The Krasnoyarsk Krai: the Issues of Regional Development

3. Essentially, Marx's value-form analysis intends to answer the question, how are the value-relationships of products expressed in ways that acquire an objective existence in their own right (ultimately as relationships between quantities of money, or money-prices), and how these product-values can change, independently of the valuers who trade in them. Marx argued that neither the classical political economists nor the vulgar economists who succeeded them were able to explain satisfactorily how that worked, resulting in serious theoretical errors. The reason behind the errors was – according to Marx – that, as market trade developed, the economic relationship between commodity-values and money increasingly appeared in an inverted, reified way.

4. The authorised capital of a company (sometimes referred to as the authorised share capital, registered capital or nominal capital, particularly in the United States) is the maximum amount of share capital that the company is authorised by its constitutional documents to issue (allocate) to shareholders. Part of the authorised capital can (and frequently does) remain unissued. This number can be changed by shareholders’ approval. The part of the authorised capital which has been issued to shareholders is referred to as the issued share capital of the company.

5. The term “juridical person” is used in the sense of an entity having the capacity of the potential to act legally and constituted either by a collection or succession of physical persons or a collection of properties. Examples of juridical persons are states, agencies, corporations, associations, committees, partnerships, ethnic and religious groups, positions to which individuals are nominated, appointed, or hired, character groups (women, fathers, children, deceased persons), the estates of bankrupt or deceased persons, counties, and so on.

6. Since its establishment in 1992, the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) has settled and signed a number of intergovernmental agreements. The agreements have signified the commitment of jurisdictions to implement decisions that have been either reached or confirmed by COAG. In many instances, agreements have been the precursor to the passage of legislation. Sometimes this has been Commonwealth legislation, while on other occasions joint Commonwealth and State and Territory legislation has been enacted.

7. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) aims to reduce poverty in middle-income countries and creditworthy poorer countries by promoting sustainable development through loans, guarantees, risk management products, and analytical and advisory services. Established in 1944 as the original institution of the World Bank Group, IBRD is structured like a cooperative that is owned and operated for the benefit of its 188 member countries.

Task 5. Determine the key concepts and write down the corresponding English words and expressions from the text “Legislative Acts Regulating Investment Activity”.

Task 6. Make an English annotation of the text, using the key English words and expressions from Task 5.

Task 7. Translate your English annotation into Russian and compare it with the sample one, which will be given to you by your teacher. Revise you translation, saying which translation variant is better and why.

Task 8. Structure the text according to its key concepts and present a detailed plan of the text in Russian.

Task 9. Summarize the main ideas of the text in Russian, using the presented plan. Give a 300–350 word written account.

Task 10. Carry out consecutive interpreting (sentence by sentence) of the text into Russian in pairs.

Text 5. Экономика Красноярского Края