Moscow, December 25, 1991

4 Brown, The Rise and Fall of Communist, 515.

5 Interview with Vitaly Korotich, June 1988.

6 Yeltsin, Against the Grain, 142.

7 Gorbachev, Memoirs, 365.

8 Yeltsin, Against the Grain, 162.

9 Ibid., 203.

10 Ibid., 190.

11 Gorbachev, Memoirs, 378.

12 Solzhenitsyn, “The Relentless Cult of Novelty and How It Wrecked the System.”

13 Chernyaev, My Six Years with Gorbachev, 245.

Chapter 10: December 25: Midday

1 Grachev, Final Days, 186.

2 Ibid.

3 Beschloss and Talbott, At the Highest Levels, 452.

4 Chernyaev, 1991, diary entry for December 27,1991.

5 Ibid., diary entry for December 27, 1991.

6 Ibid. diary entry for December 18, 1991.

7 Boldin, Ten Years That Shook the World, 283.

8 Chernyaev, My Six Years with Gorbachev, 4.

9 Sovetskaya Belorussiya, January 11, 2003.

10 Gorbachev, Dekabr-91, 96.

11 Chernyaev, 1991, diary entry for December 1, 1991.

12 Ibid., diary entry for December 27, 1991.

13 Interview with Grachev, autumn 2009.

14 Interview with Koppel, September 2009.

15 Interview with Kaplan, November 2009.

Chapter 11: Knee Deep in Kerosene

1 Sukhanov, Tri Goda s Yeltsinym, 143-150.

2 Interview with Garrison, July 2010.

3 Gates, From the Shadows, 479.

4 Mickiewicz, Changing Channels, 93.

5 Korzhakov, Boris Yeltsin, 92-98, and Solovyov and Klepikova, Boris Yeltsin, 178-181, provide detailed accounts of the affair.

6 Korzhakov, Boris Yeltsin, 98.

7 I attended the funeral.

8 Boldin, Ten Years That Shook the World, 251-252.

9 Timofeyev, Russia’s Secret Rulers, 78.

10 Palazchenko, My Years with Gorbachev and Shevardnadze, 289.

11 Ibid., 189.

12 Beschloss and Talbott, At the Highest Levels, 224-226.

13 Burlatsky, Mikhail Gorbachev-Boris Yeltsin, 41.

14 Brown, The Gorbachev Factor, 102.

15 Chernyaev, My Six Years with Gorbachev, 280.

16 Beschloss and Talbott, At the Highest Levels, 108.

17 Chernyaev, My Six Years with Gorbachev, 241.

Chapter 12: December 25: Early Afternoon

1 Chernyaev, My Six Years with Gorbachev, 399, and Chernyaev, 1991, diary entries for December 18 and 20, 1991.

2 Chernyaev, 1991, diary entry, December 18, 1991.

3 Ibid., December 22, 1991.

4 Palazchenko, My Years with Gorbachev and Shevardnadze, 364-365.

5 ABC Television, unedited footage, December 25, 1991.

6 Interview with Kaplan, November 2009.

Chapter 13: Dictatorship on the Offensive

1 My notes, November 14, 1990.

2 O’Clery, “Nobel Doesn’t Dispel Anger with Gorbachev.”

3 Interview with Gorbachev in Ottawa, May 30, 1990.

4 Aron, Boris Yeltsin, 404.

5 Chernyaev, My Six Years with Gorbachev, 299-300.

6 Ibid., 339.

7 Mickiewicz, Changing Channels, 50; Pozner, Eyewitness, 67.

8 Chernyaev, My Six Years with Gorbachev, 323-324.

9 Gorbachev and Mlynář, Conversations with Gorbachev, 132.

10 Beschloss and Talbott, At the Highest Levels, 349.

11 Gates, From the Shadows, 528.

12 Beschloss and Talbott, At the Highest Levels, 350.

13 Braithwaite, Across the Moscow River, 180.

Chapter 14: December 25: Midafternoon

1 Grachev, Final Days, 186-187.

2 Interview with Grachev, autumn 2009.

3 Yeltsin, Against the Grain, 134.

4 Felshman, Gorbachev, Yeltsin, and the Last Days of the Soviet Empire, 189-06, contains analysis of Raisa’s role.

5 Zenkovich, Boris Yeltsin, 294.

6 Braithwaite, Across the Moscow River, 254.

7 Zenkovich, Boris Yeltsin, 58.

8 Mickiewicz, Changing Channel, 44.

9 Gorbachev, Memoirs, 208.

10 Kelly, Nancy Reagan, 400-403,443-446.

11 Bush and Scowcroft, A World Transformed, 6.

12 Gorbacheva, I Hope, 7.

13 Ibid., 180.

14 Dougary, “Mikhail Gorbachev.”

15 Muratov, “Mikhail Gorbachev.”

16 Grachev, Final Days, 187.

Chapter 15: Hijacking Barbara Bush

1 Mickiewicz, Changing Channels, 96-97.

2 Shane, Dismantling Utopia, 180.

3 Colton, Yeltsin, 298.

4 Grachev, Final Days, 6.

5 Matlock, Autopsy on an Empire, 540-544.

6 Gates, From the Shadows, 504.

7 Matlock, Autopsy on an Empire, 545.

8 Chernyaev, My Six Years with Gorbachev, 346.

9 Ibid., 365-366.