Петербургская социология сегодня – 2015. Сборник научных трудов Социологического института РАН

The author examines the evolution of neoliberalism as a leading economic development paradigm of capitalist countries since the early 1980s. The article analyzes the impact of neoliberalism on the transformation of the welfare state in Western Europe. The author also explores the challenges of neoliberal reform of the post-Soviet countries, including Ukraine, shows the impact of reforms on the standard of living and socio-economic state of the working class in Ukraine.

Keywords: working class, neoliberalism, neoliberal reformation, global crisis, social-economic status, welfare state, standard of living.

L. G. Titarenko

Value orientations of the population and professional strategies in contemporary labor market in Belarus

The article deals with the problems related to the changes in value orientations of Belarusian population in the sphere of labor. In the beginning the author gives a general description of modern Belarus according to the labor market parameters. Further the dominant scientific paradigms that are in use for the explanation of post-soviet development, including the labor changes, are discussed. On the basis of survey data from the European and World Value Studies the author discloses the basic value orientation of Belarusian population in comparison with the similar value orientations of Russian population. Finally, on the basis of the own survey, the author characterizes modern professional strategies of Belarusian university graduates. The author argues that these strategies will significantly the quality of labor market in Belarus in the near future.

Keywords: value orientations, labor market, professional strategies, university graduates, Belarus, Russia, European value surveys.

G. N. Sokolova

Social Problems of Employment and Unemployment under Conditions of Labor Market Modernization

Dependence of functioning of labor market on the factors not only economic, but also social efficiency of employment reveals. The main problem consists that the factors reducing economic efficiency, direct or indirect promote increase of social efficiency of employment. As a matter of fact, the conflict between necessity to reach economic efficiency of employment and not to admit thus decrease in its social efficiency is observed. There is a necessity of search of such ways of reduction of labor market for an equilibrium condition where the balance between economic and social efficiency of employment would be observed.

Keywords: labor market, employment, unemployment, economic efficiency of employment, social efficiency of employment.

J. V. Vaskina

Wages and life level of workers in industry

The article deals with the analysis of the industry worker wages and level of the satisfaction of different needs. The author uses data of the sociological researches conducted in the Samara region which show consumer opportunities of the workers with different levels of salary. The conclusion is drawn that in spite of the outlined positive tendencies in nominal salary growth, its real size hasn’t change and that doesn’t allow growing of the standard of living of workers. As the aspects of standard of living the consumer opportunity of workers’ families, living conditions and recreational opportunities were studied.

Keywords: wage, standards of living, living wage, labor relations, living conditions, recreation.

S. G. Klimova, I. A. Klimov

Modernizing effects of social entrepreneurship

The article proposes the definition and empirical features of social enterprise, suitable for identification and to determine the effect of the social activities of such enterprises. On the example of 15 companies operating mainly in small and medium-sized cities in Russia, analyzed activity leaders for the development and creation of new rules and practices that are relevant to achieving not only production, but also for social purposes. A proposed typology of social enterprises, their differing socio-cultural projects and describes the forms of existence of such projects.

Keywords: social enterprise, rules, practices, samples, solidarity, social impact, social and cultural project, completeness, interaction with employees.

L. A. Kudrinskay

Voluntary work: scales, potential and factors of development