18. Smith, 320.
19. Letter to Pope Leo, 1520.
20. Luther, Works, I, 7.
21. Janssen, XI, 349; Luther, Works, II, 231; Bainton, 295.
22. Bainton, 295.
23. Janssen, III, 242.
24. Werke, VIII, 624, in Maritain, 188.
25. In Carpenter, Pagan and Christian Creeds, 207.
26. T.T., 462.
27. Werke, XXV, 108, in Cath. En., IX, 447b.
28. T.T., 319.
29. Gasquet, Eve of the Reformation, 173.
30. Smith, Luther, 407; Bainton, Here I Stand, 295.
31. Smith, 355.
32. Ibid., 326.
33. In Janssen, XI, 253.
34. Bainton, 225.
35. T.T., 100.
36. Smith, Luther, 322.
37. Ibid., 349.
38. Ibid.
39. Janssen, XII, 16; T.T., 114.
40. Ibid., 257.
41. 91, 96.
42. 780.
43. Jusserand, Literary History of the English People, II, 167
44. T.T., 841.
45. Ibid., 413.
46. Luther, Works, I, 76.
47. Ibid., 142.
48. Works, III, 251.
49. Bainton, Here, 314.
50. PForfo., III, 204, 207.
51. Preface to the Shorter Catechism.
52. Werke (Erlangen), XXIX, 46–74, in Jewish Encyc., VIII, 213.
53. T.T., 275.
54. Werke (Erlangen), XXXII, 217–33, in Janssen, III, 211–12.
55. Werke (Erlangen), XXVIII, 144, in Maritain, 15.
56. Letter of Aug. 26, 1529, to Jos. Metsch, in Smith, Luther, 218.
57. In Froude, Erasmus, 389.
58. T.T., 61.
59. Putnam, Books, II, 244.
60. Werke, XXXI-i, 208 f.
61. Werke (Erlangen), XVI, in Allen, Political Thought, 27.
62. Bax, Peasants’ War, 352.
63. Smith, Luther, xiv.
64. Id., Reformation, 645.
65. Janssen, IV, 140–1.
66. Murray, Erasmus and Luther, 366.
67. Janssen, XIV, 503.
68. Janssen, V, 290.
69. Luther, Commentary on Psalm LXXXII.
70. Janssen, V, 491, 502, 505.
71. Janssen, VI, 46–63, 181, 190, 208–14, 348–9; Lecky, Rationalism, II, 15.
72. Janssen, IV, 232 f.
73. Lea, Studies in Church History, 492.
74. T.T., 389.
75. Smith, Reformation, 104; Panofsky, Dürer, I, 233; Cath. En., IX, 447c.
76. Janssen, III, 198.
77. Ibid., 342.
78. Robertson, J. M., Freethought, I, 455.
79. Erasmus, letter to Pirkheimer, Feb. 21, 1529.
80. Janssen, III, 361.
81. Strauss, Hutten, 290.
82. Smith, Erasmus, 233.
83. In Michelet, III, 170.
84. Smith, Erasmus, 334.
85. Letter of March 5, 1518.
86. Letter of October 17, 1518.
87. In Froude, Erasmus, 139.
88. Smith, Erasmus, 219.
89. Ibid., 221.
90. Ibid., 22; Froude, Erasmus, 233–4.
91. In Murray, Erasmus, 76.
92. Froude, 270-2.
93. Smith, Erasmus, 241.
94. Ibid., 255.
95. Erasmus, Epistles, I, ep. lxxxv.
96. Ibid., ep. ccclxvi.
97. Froude, 308.
98. Letter of Feb., 1523, in Froude, 310.
99. Acton, 105; Lecky, Rationalism, I, 140.
100. Ibid.
101. Bainton, Here I Stand, 254-5.
102. Froude, 340, 381.
103. In Allen, Political Thought, 80.
104. Froude, 403.
105. Ibid., 352.
106. In Froude, 400.
107. Erasmus, Hyperaspistes.
108. In Froude, 352.
109. Walpole, H., Letters, III, 184.
110. Beard, Luther, 93.
111. Acton, 89.
CHAPTER XX
1. Janssen, IV, 62.
2. Cf. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 159.
3. Janssen, VI, 534.
4. Janssen, V, 277.
5. Lea, Clerical Celibacy, 530.
6. Janssen, VII, 247.
7. Id., IV, 47.
8. Id., IX, 130.
9. Id., XIII, 24.
10. Froude, Erasmus, 387.
11. Vambéry, 283.
12. Janssen, IV, 119.
13. Ibid., 109-11.
14. En. Brit., XI, 288.
15. Janssen, V, 271; Ranke, 614.
16. Cath. En., XI, 453.
17. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 219.
18. Janssen, V, 423.
19. Luther, Works, V, 128; Pastor, XI, 69, 81-7.
20. Janssen, V, 495 f; Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 233.
21. Pastor, XI, 362-3.
22. Ibid., 375-98.
23. Ledderhose, 177-82.
24. Ibid., 188.
25. Cath. En., IX, 452d.
26. In Bainton, Here I Stand, 346.
27. Pastor, XI, 67.
28. Smith, Luther, 309.
29. Werke (Walch), XX, 223, in Cath. En., IX, 45 6d.
30. Luther, Works, V, 163.
31. In Tawney, Religion and the Rise of Capitalism, 101; Bainton, Here I Stand, 238.
32. Werke, XIX, 626, in Allen, Political Thought, 22.
33. Bax, Peasants’ War, 351.
34. Werke, XV, 276, in Bax, 352.
35. Smith, Luther, 374.
36. Letter of Sept. 3, 1531.
37. Smith, 196.
38. In Bebel, Woman under Socialism, 68.
39. Janssen, VI, 81-6.
40. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 241.
41. Ledderhose, 170.
42. Janssen, VI, 122.
43. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 241.
44. In Smith, Luther, 399 f.; Pastor, XI, 215 f.
45. Werke, XXV, 124-55, in Janssen, VI, 271-2, and Pastor, XII, 216 f.
46. Weber, Hermann, On Means for the Prolongation of Life, 48.
47. Smith, Luther, 405.
48. Ibid., 409.
49. James, Wm., Varieties of Religious Belief, 137.
50. Ibid.
51. T.T., 633.
52. Ibid., 15.
53. 19.
54. 235.
55. In Robertson, Charles V, II, 158n.
56. Smith, Luther, 419.
57. Armstrong, Charles V, 1,138.
58. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 276.
59. Ibid., 278.
60. Schaff, Swiss Reformation, 387, 548; Janssen, XIV, 149.
61. Id., VII, 139.
62. Id., IV, 362-3; Schapiro, 78; Allen, Political Thought, 33.
63. In La Tour, IV, 161.
64. In Janssen, VII, 139.
CHAPTER XXI
1. Cath. En., III, 196.
2. Beza in Schaff, Swiss Ref., 302.
3. La Tour, IV, 11.
4. Calvin, Institutes, Preface, 20-2, 39–40.
5. Institutes, I, viii, 1.
6. Ibid., II, 19.
7. Ephesians, i, 3–7.
8. Institutes, III, xxi-xxii.
9. Romans, ix, 15.
10. Institutes, II, xxi, 7.
11. Consensus Genevensis in Schaff, Swiss Ref., 554.
12. Institutes, III, xxi, 1.
13. Ibid.
14. III, xxiii, 7.
15. IV, i, 10.
16. IV, i, 4.
17. Allen, Political Thought, 61; Hearnshaw, Thinkers of the Renaissance and the Reformation, 211.