6. For more work on this area, see K. D. Suschinsky, M. L. Lalumiere, M. L. Chivers 'Sex Differences in Patterns of Genital Sexual Arousal: Measurement Artifacts or True Phenomena?' Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2009, 38(4), 559–73; M. L. Chivers, M. C. Seto, M. L. Lalumiere, E. Laan, T. Grimbos. 'Agreement of Self-Reported and Genital Measures of Sexual Arousal in Men and Women: A Meta-Analysis', Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2010, 39(5), 5–56. Chivers' work builds on work of Ellen Laan, for example E. Laan, W. Everaerd, 'Physiological Measures of Vaginal Vasocongestion,' International Journal of Impotence Research, 1998, 10: S107–S110; E. Laan, W. Everaerd, J. van der Velde, J. H. Geer, 'Determinants of Subjective Experience of Sexual Arousal in Women: Feedback from Genital Arousal and Erotic Stimulus Content', Psychophysiology, 1995, 32: 444–51; E. Laan & W. Everaerd, 'Determinants of Female Sexual Arousal: Psychophysiological Theory and Data', Annual Review of Sex research 1995, 6, 32–76; E. Laan, W. Everaerd, 'Physiological Measures of Vaginal Vasocongestion', International Journal of Impotence Research, 1998, 10, S107–S110; E. Laan, W. Everaerd, J. van der Velde, J. H. Geer, 'Determinants of Subjective Experience of Sexual Arousal in Women: Feedback from Genital Arousal and Erotic Stimulus Content', Psychophysiology 1995, 32, 444–51. See also S. Both, W. Everaerd, E. Laan, E. Janssen, 'Desire Emerges from Excitement: A Psycho-physiological Perspective on Sexual Motivation', in E. Janssen (ed.) The Psychophysiology of Sex (Indiana University Press, 2007), pp. 327–39.
7. Wednesday Martin, Untrue: Why Nearly Everything We Believe About Women, Lust, and Infidelity is Wrong and How the New Science Can Set Us Free (Scribe, 2018), quotes p. 44–5.
8. Alex Manley, 'the Orgasm Gap: What It Is and Why You Should Care about It', Ask.Men, 6 February 2020, uk.askmen.com.
9. Daniel Bergner, What Do Women Want? Adventures in the Science of Female Desire (Harper Collins, 2013) pp. 13–14.
10. Bergner, p. 7.
11. Martin, Untrue, p. 42.
12. Bergner in interview with Tracy Clark-Flory, 'the Truth about Female Desire: It's Base, Animalistic and Ravenous', Salon, 2 June 2013, salon.com.
13. Brooke Magnanti, The Sex Myth: Why Everything We're Told Is Wrong (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2012), p. 11.
14. Alain de Botton, How To Think More About Sex (Macmillan, 2012) p. 23.
15. A. C. Kinsey, W. B. Pomeroy, C. E. Martin, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (WB Saunders, 1948); Alfred C. Kinsey, Wardell B. Pomeroy, Clyde E. Martin, Paul H. Gebhard, Sexual Behaviour in the Human Female (WB Saunders, 1953). See also Paul Robinson, The Modernization of Sex (New York: Harper & Row, 1976; Donna J. Drucker, The Classification of Sex: Alfred Kinsey and the Organization of Knowledge (University of Pittsburgh Press, 2014); Jonathan Gathorne-Hardy, Alfred C. Kinsey: Sex The Measure of All Things (Chatto & Windus, 1998).
16. Lorraine Daston and Peter Galison, Objectivity (Zone Books, 2007).
17. For a useful account of the complexities of measurement in this area, see M. L. Chivers and L. Brotto, 'Controversies of Women's Sexual Arousal and Desire', European Psychologist, 2017, 22(1), 5–26.
18. M. L. Chivers, M. C. Seto, M. L. Lalumiere, E. Laan, T. Grimbos 'Agreement of Self-Reported and Genital Measures of Sexual Arousal in Men and Women: A Meta-Analysis', Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2010, 39, 5–56; see also M. L. Chivers & L. A. Brotto, 'Controversies of Women's Sexual Arousal and Desire', European Psychologist, 2017, 22(1), 5–26.
19. Marilyn Strathern, 'The Tyranny of Transparency', British Educational Research Journal, 2000, 26(3), 309–21.
20. S. Both, W. Everaerd, E. Laan, 'Modulation of Spinal Reflexes by Aversive and Sexually Appetitive Stimuli', Psychophysiology, 2003, 40, 174–83.
21. A. Potts, V. Grace, N. Gavey, T. Vares, 'Viagra Stories: Challenging 'Erectile Dysfunction', Social Science and Medicine, 2004, 59(3), 489–99.
22. Jill Lepore, 'The Last Amazon', New Yorker, 15 September 2014 (the following quotes are also from this article); see also Lepore, The Secret History of Wonder Woman (A. A. Knopf, 2014).
23. W. H. Marston, The Lie Detector (NY: Richard Smith, 1938); G. C. Bunn, 'The Lie Detector, Wonder Woman and Liberty: The Life and Work of William Moulton Marston', History of the Human Sciences, 1997, 10(1), 91–119.
24. D. Grubin, L. Madsen, 'Lie Detection and the Polygraph: A Historical Review', The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 2005, 16(2), 357–69; K. Segrave, Lie Detectors: a Social History (McFarland and Co, 2004). For the uses of the polygraph in sexual regulation, see A. S. Balmer, R. Sandland, 'Making Monsters: The Polygraph, the Plethysmograph, and Other Practices for the Performance of Abnormal Sexuality', Journal of Law and Society, 2012, 39(4), 593–615.
25. Ian Leslie, Born Liars: Why We Can't Live Without Deceit (Quercus, 2011).