Taxation in the Context of Economic Security: Opportunities and Technologies

Index Terms: tax security, economic security, tax policy, fiscal and regulatory functions of taxes, tax security indicators; tax risks, tax burden.

I. INTRODUCTION

Understanding the role of taxation in the provision of economic security includes consideration of its positive effect on macroeconomics (growth of the tax potential of the state), as well as negative aspects in the form of nonreceipt of tax revenues to the budgets of all levels, criminalization of tax relations, growth of tax nihilism, the crisis of the tax system, destroying the socio-political foundations of the state and depriving the authorities of financial resources.

In the modern world, the importance of taxation is so great that the formulation of the tasks facing the tax policy without considering them from the standpoint of the relationship and mutual influence with the economic security, can lead to a loss of consistency and efficiency of the overall economic strategy, since taxes are objectively included in each of the elements, which are distinguished during strategy analysis, namely,

– economic independence;

– sustainability and stability of the national economy;

– ability to self-development and progress [1], [2].

Economic independence implies the independence of the state in the formation and development of its own economic system and the implementation of foreign economic activity to the benefit of the people. Economic independence is possible only in the presence of all its metasystems, subsystems, elements, and components. At the same time, given the internationalization and globalization of the economy, any country in the world has to resort to measures to protect its own economic interests, of which taxation is the most effective measure.

The sustainability of the national economy implies the ability of the latter to respond to changes in the external and internal environment through continuous improvement of the components of its internal structure based on the adaptation mechanism in order to achieve the goals of socio-economic development and the effective functioning of the national economy.

The sustainability of the national economy is the main task of the macroeconomic policy of the state and an important condition for ensuring the economic security. This is expressed, first of all, in the formation of state policy aimed at supporting the national economy in a sustainable condition. The role of taxation in this process is most fully implemented through the regulatory function, which is the ability of taxation to coordinate, harmonize, organize, cooperate, and stratify social interaction and management.

Taxation also affects various components of the economic system, namely: pricing, volume and growth rates of social production, sectoral structure and directions of capital migration, technical level of production, scope of research, labor demand and supply, level of employment and wages, consumption model, distribution of income in society, its social and regional differentiation, and conditions of foreign economic activity.

The ability to self-development and progress involves the ability to choose state’s own development model, to carry out continuous modernization of production, effective investment and innovation policy, and to develop the intellectual and spiritual potential of the country.

Taking the above into account, it should be noted that taxation occupies a special place in the economic security system since it not only provides financial resources to almost all components of the economic security (financial, social, environmental, legal, etc.) but also is a tool of the impact on economic and social processes.