New York is now divided from San Francisco by 13,135 miles of sea
travel. The Canal will reduce this distance by 7,873 miles, and will
bring New York 6,250 miles nearer Callao and 3,747 miles nearer
Valparaiso. The Pacific Ocean includes so large an extent of the
curvature of the earth that the effect of the Canal in developing trade
routes with Asia will depend very greatly upon their direction across
it. Vessels from New York which, after passing the Canal, trend
northward or southward upon the great circle, will find that the Panama
route will be much shorter than that
CHRONOLOGY OF UNIVERSAL HISTORY
EMBRACING THE PERIOD COVERED IN THIS VOLUME A.D. 1910-1914
DANIEL EDWIN WHEELER
Events treated at length are here indicated in large type; the numerals following give volume and page.
Separate chronologies of the various nations, and of the careers of famous persons, will be found in the Index Volume.
1910. The United States established an annual meeting of State Governors as a new machinery of government. See "THE UNITED STATES HOUSE OF GOVERNORS," XXI, 1.
Chile and Argentina completed the first railroad crossing the Andes
Mountains.
A naval revolt in Brazil, finally pacified.
Mrs. Eddy, founder of Christian Science, died.
King Edward VII of England died and was succeeded by his son, George V.
The various British provinces in South Africa united in a single confederation. See "UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA," XXI, 17.
The "Labor" party gained complete control of power in Australia under
Mr. Fisher as Prime Minister.
A Revolution made Portugal a republic. See "PORTUGAL BECOMES A
REPUBLIC," XXI, 28.
In Paris there were unprecedented floods, and many people were killed.
In Greece a National Assembly was called, and the Constitution was revised.
The new Turkish government faced revolts in Albania and other provinces.
Russia completed the destruction of Finnish liberty. See "THE CRUSHING
OF FINLAND," XXI, 47.
In Egypt the native Prime Minister Boutros Pasha was assassinated;
England adopted severe repressive measures.
In Persia, Morgan Shuster, an American, undertook the financial administration of the new constitutional government.
Corea was formally annexed by Japan.
China began establishing representative assemblies in each province, also a National Senate, in preparation for an elective government. Tumultuous demands made for a Constitution.
1911. Widespread use of automobiles seemed to establish an Automobile Age; unprecedented records of speed made. See "MAN'S FASTEST MILE," XXI, 73.
The Woman Suffrage movement gained a most important step by its victory in California. See "WOMAN SUFFRAGE," XXI, 156.
A Canadian movement for trade reciprocity with the United States led to suggestions of annexation and was then vehemently rejected.
Renewed persecution of the Jews in Russia led the United States to abrogate her long-standing Russian treaties.
In Mexico President Diaz was overthrown by a revolution headed by
Francisco Madero. See "THE FALL OF DIAZ," XXI, 96.
In England the Liberals took almost all power from the House of Lords.
See "FALL OF THE ENGLISH HOUSE OF LORDS," XXI, 113.