В поисках энергии. Ресурсные войны, новые технологии и будущее энергетики

1. Dan Steward, The Barnett Shale Play: Phoenix of the Fort Worth Basin -A History (Fort Worth: Fort Worth Geological Society, 2007), p. 32 (geological research).

2. Houston Chronicle, November 14, 2009 (“what we’re going to do”).

3. Steward, The Barnett Shale Play, p. 122–23, 141–42 (shut down, good deal of money); interview with Dan Steward.

4. Steward, The Barnett Shale Play, p. 142 (“light sand fraccing”); interview with Dan Steward; interview with Lawrence Nichols.

5. Teddy Muhlfelder, “The Shale Gale,” IHS CERA, 2009; 6. IHS CERA, Fueling North America’s Energy Future: The Unconventional Natural Gas Revolution and the Carbon Agenda, March2010; MIT Energy Initiative, The Future of Natural Gas: An Interdisciplinary MIT Study (Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011).

6. Secretary of Energy Advisory Board (“The Deutch Committee”), Shale Gas Subcommittee 90 Day Report, August 18, 2011, pp. 1, 5.

7. Leta Smith, “Shale Gas Outside of North America: High Potential but Difficult to Reach,” IHS CERA, April 2009 (recoverable shale gas).

8. John C. Harris, “Australian LNG: First Come, First Served,” IHS CERA, January 28, 2011.

9. Time, February 16, 1970; Willy Brandt, My Life in Politics (New York: Viking, 1992); Angela Stent, From Embargo to Ostpolitik: The Political Economy of West German-Soviet Relations 1955–1980 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), p. 173 (“Economics”).

10. Angela E. Stent, Soviet Energy and Western Europe (New York: Praeger, 1982), p. 81.

11. New York Times, September 5, 1982 (“wounded by a friend”); August 3, 1982 (ignore the embargo).

12. Bloomberg, June 27, 2008.

13. IHS CERA, Securing the Future: Making Russian-European Gas Interdependence Work (2007), ch. 1.

14. Thone Gustafson and Matt Sagers, “Gas Transit Through Ukraine: The Struggle for the Crown Jewels,” CERA, 2003.

15. Christine Telyan and Thane Gustafson, “Russia and Ukraine’s New Gas Agreement: What Does It Mean and How Long Will It Last,” IHS CERA, 2006; Robert L. Larsson, Russia’s Energy Policy: Security Dimensions and Russia’s Reliability as an Energy Supplier (Stockholm: Swedish Defense Research Agency, 2006) (shockwaves); New York Times, January 5, 2006 (“dependence on Russia”).

16. Katherine Hardin, Sergej Mahnovski, and Leila Benali, “Filling a Southern Gas Pipeline to Europe: Export Potential and Costs for Gas Sources Compared,” IHS CERA, 2010 (Kurdistan).

17. Peter Jackson, “Evolution of the Structure of the European Gas Market,” IHS CERA, March2011; Peter Jackson, et al., “The Unconventional Frontier: Prospects for Unconventional Gas in Europe,” IHS CERA, February 2011.

Глава 17. Переменный ток

1. Jone-Lin Wang, “Why Are We Using More Electricity?” The Wall Street Journal, March 10, 2010.

2. Jill Jonnes, Empires of Light: Edison, Tesla, Westinghouse, and the Race to Electrify the World (New York: Random House, 2004), p. 84.

3. Thomas Hughes, Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society 1880–1930 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1993), p. 42 (“dynamos”); IEEE Global History Network, “Pearl Street Station,” at http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Pearl_Street_Station (electricity bill).

4. Matthew Josephson, Edison: A Biography (New York: Wiley, 1992), pp. 133–34 (“most useful citizen”) p. 434; Robert Conot, Thomas Edison: A Stroke of Luck (New York: Bantam, 1980), p. 132 (“could not explain”); Jannes, Empires of Light (“minor invention”).

5. Paul Israel, Edison: A Life of Invention (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1998), p. 166 (“subdivided”); Jonnes, Empires of Light, p. 59 (“scientific men”); Hughes, Networks of Power, pp. 19–21 (“Edison’s genius”).

6. Hughes Networks of Power, p. 22; Israel, Edison, p. 167 (“enabled him to succeed”).