118 исторических миниатюр и 108 авторских текстов на 13 иностранных языках. Сборник (СИ)

Captain of the 1st. rank Grigory Ivanovich Mulovsky was appointed commander of this expedition. In September 1787 the ships of the expedition "were in full readiness to March". However, "September 7, 1787 issued a Manifesto declaring war on Turkey." 4 Oct 1787, captain 1st rank G. I. Mulovsky asked for permission to leave the port for the start of the expedition. There was no answer. 28 Oct 1787 came the Empress's decree about the cancellation of the expedition. In 1789, during the naval battle with the Swedish Navy G. I. Mulovsky died [2].

In some literary sources the authors artistically conjecturing the thoughts and feelings of Kruzenshtern, Lisyansky, other sailors in connection with Mulovsky's (ready-to-be but unsuccessful) expedition. If you follow the path of art modeling, it can be assumed, firstly, that there "syndrome of Mulovsky" appeared ("may break at the last moment"), and, secondly, that "syndrome of Mulovsky" was one of the reasons for an independent (separate from Kruzenshtern) non-stop Lisyansky's ocean journey from Canton (China) to Portsmouth (England).

In 1796 ended the reign of Catherine II. After the failure of the expedition of Mulovsky real attempt to organize the circumnavigation was not renewed in period of the Empress.

Catherine II was replaced at the helm of state by Paul I (Pavel Petrovich). His reign was rather short and controversial. Relations with England became acute. Serious attempts to organize a circumnavigation were not undertaken in the period of his reign.

On 12 March 1801, Alexander I joined the Russian throne.

"Alexander I has put an end to the conflict in the relations with England and Spain - to the conflict, which has inflamed in recent years of the reign of Paul I. Alexander I signed at the same time confidential convention with France. This peace pause was demonstrating intention of Russia to withdraw from participation in Anglo-French military rivalry in Europe and to be engaged in the solution of problems of Russian economic life. This breather has been used for preparation and implementation of actions for strengthening of positions of Russia in the north of the Pacific Ocean and including for the organization of the First Russian round-the-world expedition" [1].

"In 1793, Kruzenshtern, Bering, Lisyansky and several other officers of the Russian Navy got a business trip to England. Mission lasted 6 years" [1].

Years of life of Ivan Fyodorovich Kruzenshtern: 1770 - 1846, Yuri Fyodorovich Lisyansky: 1773 - 1837. (We also inform you the years of life of Nikolai Petrovich Rezanov: 1764 - 1807).

During the "business trip", after the various events, Ivan F. Kruzenshtern has appeared in India, where he met with G. S. Lebedev, now recognized as one of the founders of Oriental studies in Russia.

"Having been called himself as Gerasim Stepanovich Lebedev, he began to tell story of his the extraordinary life. (...) Lebedev asked Vorontsov to seek permission to equip three three-mast vessels under the Russian flag from Calcutta to Petersburg. (...) Kruzenshtern long pondered about what was heard. His plan, initially vague and unclear, has taken on an increasingly distinct shape" [3].

"On returning home, the Kruzenshtern is going to present his note to the President of the Collegium of Commerce P. P. [P. A.] Soimonov (...) ...That Soimonov had put forward the idea about expedition of Mulovsky. Kruzenshtern was hoping to find in face of Soimonov the like-minded man... (...) However, the Soimonov went to Moscow and died shortly thereafter" [1].

Speaking about the project of Ivan. F. Kruzenshtern, V. M. Pasetsky remarks:

"Not by chance, that it was greeted by the contemporaries as pamphlet. The highest stately (official) figures of St. Petersburg haven't risked to report completely on I.F. Kruzenshtern's notes either to Paul I, or to Aleksandr I - they were so dangerous by the liberty of ideas. Moreover, they [Kruzenshtern's note, Kruzenshtern's proposals] have been withdrawn from documents of government agencies and for the first time were found in personal archive of the seafarer, when materials for the scientific biography of I.F. Kruzenshtern were gathering" [1].

Here is how V. M. Pasetsky describes the text of the project, that was found in the personal archive of the seafarer: "A note to the Minister of Commerce Soymonov. Written on board the Bombay ship under the command of Hamilton, with the project of organizing a Russian expedition in the interests of trade developing and enriching the country ". The document represents a copy of the manuscript in French with the corrections Kruzenshtern (...)" [1].

"The project of logistics (sourcing) of the Russian North American colonies by sea across two oceans" has been submitted to the Government by the Minister of commerce, the count Nikolai Petrovich Rumyantsev, famous the statesman of an era of Alexander I" [6].

3. Sphinx: one expedition, two circumnavigations. Plus the Embassy. Troyecentricity and energy of competition