Catherine the Great & Potemkin: The Imperial Love Affair

69 Anspach, Journey p 137, 18 February 1786.

70 Shcherbatov p 245.

71 Saint-Jean ch 6 p 40.

72 Pole Carew CO/R/3/95, unpublished. He liked to visit his British friends for dinner too and sometimes take their roast beef home with him – see Chapter 20.

73 RGADA 11.881.1, Sacken to GAP re Ballez the cook 3/14 October 1778, unpublished.

74 Pole Carew CO/R/3/95, unpublished.

75 BM 33540 f65, SB to JB ud.

76 RGADA 11.901.9, Count Skavronsky to GAP 20 June 1784, unpublished.

77 Marc Raeff, ‘In the Imperial Manner’, in Marc Raeff (ed), Catherine the Great: A Profile pp 197–246. SIRIO 26 (1879): 309–10, Parelo.

78 Engelhardt 1868 p 89. Weidle p 152.

79 RGADA 11.864.36–77. RGADA 11.864.1.29. RGADA 11.864.1.16. RGADA 11.864.1.13. RGADA 11.864.1.12. RGADA 11.864.2.86. RGADA 11.864.2.73. RGADA 11.864.2.68. Some extracts of these letters from unknown women were published in RS (1875) 7. Most are unpublished.

80 Ribeaupierre p 476.

81 Samoilov col 1574.

82 Wiegel 1864 p 30.

83 Ségur, p 361. B&F vol 1 p 484, Cobenzl to JII 3 November 1784. Count IV Sologub married Natalia Naryshkina on 28 May 1781, according to KFZ.

84 RGVIA Potemkin Chancellery 52.2.35.33, Ferguson Tepper to GAP 11 January 1788, Warsaw, and GAP to Messrs Boesner 21 September 1788, Brody near Ochakov, unpublished. B&F vol 1 p 484, Cobenzl to JII 3 November 1784.

85 RGADA 5.85.2.31, L 217, CII to GAP 1 July 1787.

86 B&F vol 2 p 75, Cobenzl to JII 1 November 1786.

87 Reshetilovsky Archive (V. S. Popov’s Archive) Prince GAPT’s own private papers p 403.

88 Harris p 447, H to Charles James Fox 10/21 June 1782; p 281, H to Stormont 2 July/1 August 1780.

89 Harris p 281, H to Stormont 21 July/1 August 1780.

90 SIRIO 54 (1886): 147–8, Richelieu, ‘Mon voyage’

91 Harris p 200, H to Weymouth 24 May/4 June 1779. SIRIO 26 (1879): 309–16. The Marquis de Parelo also admired GAP’s memory.

92 Cross, On the Banks of the Neva p 356. Sir John Sinclair quoted in Cross. SIRIO 26 (1879): 309–16. The Marquis de Parelo thought ‘knowing men’ was the ‘greatest gift in a great minister’ like GAP.

93 AKV 9: 86, Simon R. Vorontsov to Alexander R. Vorontsov 4/15 November 1786.

94 Miranda p 234, 8 January 1787.

95 Damas p 89–90.

96 SIRIO 42: 173, CII to Sénac de Meilhan 11 June 1791.

97 SIRIO 20 (1878): 605, CII to Grimm 27 August 1794.

98 RGADA 11.946.210 JB to GAP 25 February 1785.

99 ZOOID 4: 470, J. Grahov, Potemkin’s Military Printing house.

100 Pole Carew CO/R/3/95, unpublished.

101 RGADA 5.85.2.1, L 189, GAP to CII (early 1784).

102 Kazan State University 17: 262: 3–2300, 25–2708, 56–5700, 52–60. N. Y. Bolotina, ‘The Private Library of Prince GAP-T’.

103 Ségur, Memoirs (Shelley) p 359.

104 AAE 20: 330–5, Langeron, ‘Evénements dans la campagne de 1791’.

105 Harris p 239, H to Stormont 15/26 February 1780. Pushkin, Polnoye Sobraniye Sochineniya vol 12 p 171. GAP believed in sharpening his political skill and moral courage by living among his enemies – see his advice to his great-nephew N. N. Raevsky, quoted at the start of Chapter 31.

106 Engelhardt 1868 p 42.

107 Pushkin, Polnoye Sobraniye Sochineniya vol 12 p 156. Madariaga, Politics and Culture p 167.

108 AVPRI 5.585.168, L 266.

109 AVPRI 5.585.128–31, L 388, GAP to CII December 1789. RGADA 5.85.2.272–4, L 390, CII to GAP.

110 Ségur, 1826 vol 1 p 539.

111 Edvard Radzinsky, Rasputin p 501. Radzinsky is describing Rasputin and not GAP. Though the Prince was an aesthete of high culture and a nobleman, while Rasputin was an uneducated Siberian peasant, they did share this quintessentially Russian characteristic. Potemkin was after all raised among the peasants of Chizhova and carried some of their ideas and habits with him to Court. They were both the closest advisers of Russian empresses yet they had precisely the opposite effect on history. While GAP vastly strengthened the Empress and Empire, and left great works behind him, Rasputin undermined, tainted, and contributed to the destruction of, his Empress and Empire, and left nothing behind him.

112 Pushkin, Polnoye Sobraniye Sochineniya 12 p 811.

113 Amanda Foreman, Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire pp 42–3, 126–7, 133. Hoyle’s Games, new rev edn by C. Jones, London 1796, quoted in John Masters, Casanova pp 46–7.

114 Moskvityanin zhurnal (1852) January book 2 pp 3–22, 97–8.

115 Castera vol 2 p 279.

116 RS (1875) 7 p 681, anonymous woman to GAP.

117 RGIA 1.146.1.33, unpublished.

CHAPTER 23: THE MAGICAL THEATRE

1 RGADA 5.85.2.229, L 348, CII to GAP 13 May 1789, Tsarskoe Selo.

2 Miranda pp 204–19, 22 November–28 December 1786.

3 Miranda p 219, 30 December 1786.

4 Duc de Cars, Mémoires du duc de Cars vol 1 pp 268–79.