Эгоистичная митохондрия. Как сохранить здоровье и отодвинуть старость

Ferrari R., et al. Therapeutic effects of L-carnitine and propionyl-L-carnitine on cardiovascular diseases: a review. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2004 Nov; 1033:79–91. doi:10.1196/annals.1320.007.

Geier D. A., Geier M. R. L-carnitine exposure and mitochondrial function in human neuronal cells. Neurochem Res. 2013 Nov; 38(11):2336–41. Epub 2013 Sep 5. doi:10.1007/s11064-013-1144-7.

Hagen T. M., et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine fed to old rats partially restores mitochondrial function and ambulatory activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998 Aug 4; 95(16):9562–6.

Hagen T. M., et al. Feeding acetyl-L-carnitine and lipoic acid to old rats significantly improves metabolic function while decreasing oxidative stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Feb 19; 99(4):1870–5. doi:10.1073/ pnas.261708898.

Hoppel C. The role of carnitine in normal and altered fatty acid metabolism. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003 Apr; 41(4 Suppl 4):S4–12. doi:10.1016/ S0272-6386(03)00112-4.

Horne D. W., Broquist H. P. Role of lysine and e-N-trimethyllysine in carnitine biosynthesis. I: studies in Neurospora crassa. J Biol Chem. 1973; 248(6):2170–5.

Hulse J. D., Ellis S. R., Henderson L. M. Carnitine biosynthesis: beta-hydroxylation of trimethyllysine by an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent mitochondrial dioxygenase. J Biol Chem. 1978 Mar 10; 253(5):1654–9.

Jacobs P. L., Goldstein E. R. Long-term glycine propionyl-l-carnitine supplemention and paradoxical effects on repeated anaerobic sprint performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2010 Oct 28; 7:35. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-7-35.

Kabaroglu C., et al. Effects of L-arginine and L-carnitine on hypoxia/ reoxygenation-induced intestinal injury. Pediatr Int. 2005 Feb; 47(1):10–4. doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.2005.01999.x.

Kuratsune H., et al. Acylcarnitine deficiency in chronic fatigue syndrome. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 Jan; 18 Suppl 1:S. 62–7.

Lango R., et al. Propionyl-L-carnitine improves hemodynamics and metabolic markers of cardiac perfusion during coronary surgery in diabetic patients. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2005 Aug; 19(4):267–75.

Liu J., et al. Memory loss in old rats is associated with brain mitochondrial decay and RNA/ DNA oxidation: partial reversal by feeding acetyl-L-carnitine and/or R-α-lipoic acid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Feb 19; 99(4):2356–61. doi:10.1073/pnas.261709299.

Lombard K. A., et al. Carnitine status of lactoovovegetarians and strict vegetarian adults and children. Am J Clin Nutr. 1989; 50(2):301–6.

McGarry J. D., Brown N. F. The mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase system. From concept to molecular analysis. Eur J Biochem. 1997 Feb 15; 244(1):1–14. doi:10.1111/j.1432–1033.1997.00001.

Montgomery S. A., Thal L. J, Amrein R. Meta-analysis of double blind randomized controlled clinical trials of acetyl-L-carnitine versus placebo in the treatment of mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer’s disease. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003 Mar; 18(2):61–71. doi:10.1097/01. yic.0000058280.28578.79.

Mortensen S. A., et al. The effect of coenzyme Q10 on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure: results from the Q-SYMBIO: a randomized double-blind trial. JACC Heart Fail. 2014 Dec; 2(6):641–9. doi:10.1016/j. jchf.2014.06.008.

Noland R. C., et al. Carnitine insufifciency caused by aging overnutrition compromises mitochondrial performance and metabolic control. J Biol Chem. 2009 Aug 21; 284(34): 22840–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.032888.

Osmundsen H., Bremer J., Pedersen J. I. Metabolic aspects of peroxisomal betaoxidation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991 Sep 11; 1085(2):141–58. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(91)90089-Z.

Pande S. V. A mitochondrial carnitine acylcarnitine translocase system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Mar; 72(3):883–7.

Pande S. V., Parvin R. Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase catalyzes an equilibrating unidirectional transport as well. J Biol Chem. 1980 Apr 10; 255(7):2994–3001.

Plioplys A. V., Plioplys S. Serum levels of carnitine in chronic fatigue syndrome: clinical correlates. Neuropsychobiology 1995; 32:132–8.

Pons R., De Vivo D. C. Primary and secondary carnitine deficiency syndromes. J Child Neurol. 1995 Nov 1; 10 Suppl 2:S8–24.

Ramsay R. R., Arduini A. The carnitine acyltransferases and their role in modulating acyl-CoA pools. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1993 May; 302(2):307–14. doi:10.1006/abbi.1993.1216.