God's War: A New History of the Crusades

The Templar of Tyre: Part III of the ‘Deeds of the Cypriots’, trans. P. Crawford (Aldershot 2003)

Secondary

P. Cole, Preaching of the Cross to the Holy Land (Cambridge, Mass. 1991)

P. Edbury, The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades 1191–1374 (Cambridge 1991)

P. Edbury, John of Ibelin and the Kingdom of Jerusalem (Woodbridge 1997)

R. Irwin, The Middle East in the Middle Ages (London 1986)

W. C. Jordan, Louis IX and the Challenge of the Crusade (Princeton 1979)

S. Lloyd, English Society and the Crusade 1216–1307 (Oxford 1988)

C. T. Maier, Preaching the Crusades (Cambridge 1994)

J. Richard, St Louis: Crusader King of France, ed. S. Lloyd, trans. J. Birrell (Cambridge 1993)

P. Throop, Criticism of the Crusade (Amsterdam 1940)

Crusades in Europe

Sources

Helmold of Bosau, Chronica Slavorum, trans. F. J. Tschan, The Chronicle of the Slavs (New York 1966)

Henry of Livonia, Chronicle of Livonia, trans. J. Brundage (Madison 1961)

Peter of Les Vaux-de-Cernay, The History of the Albigensian Crusade, trans. W. A. and M. D. Sibly (Woodbridge 1998)

The Song of the Cathar Wars, trans. J. Shirley (Aldershot 1996)

William of Puylaurens, Chronicle, trans. W. A. and M. D. Sibly (Woodbridge 2003)

Secondary

M. Barber, The Cathars (London 2000)

R. Bartlett, The Making of Europe (London 1993)

E. Christiansen, The Northern Crusades (2nd edn London 1997)

J. F. O’Callaghan, Reconquest and Crusade in Medieval Spain (Philadelphia 2003)

J. Sumption, The Albigensian Crusade (London 1978)

W. Urban, The Livonian Crusade (Washington, DC 1981)

W. Urban, The Prussian Crusade (Lanham 1980)

W. Urban, The Baltic Crusade (2nd edn Chicago 1994)

W. L. Wakefield, Heresy, Crusade and Inquisition in Southern France 1100–1250 (London 1974)

Later Middle Ages

Sources

N. Housley (ed.), Documents on the Later Crusades 1274–1580 (Basingstoke 1996)

William of Machaut, The Capture of Alexandria, trans. J. Shirley and P. Edbury (Aldershot 2004)

Secondary

A. S. Atiya, The Crusade in the Later Middle Ages (London 1938)

M. Barber, The Trial of the Templars (Cambridge 1978)

N. Housley, The Italian Crusades (Oxford 1982)

N. Housley, The Avignon Papacy and the Crusades 1305–78 (Oxford 1986)

N. Housley, The Later Crusades (Oxford 1992)

N. Housley, Religious Warfare in Europe 1400–1536 (Oxford 2002)

N. Housley (ed.), Crusading in the Fifteenth Century (Basingstoke 2004)

C. Imber, The Ottoman Empire 1300–1481 (Istanbul 1990)

A. Leopold, How to Recover the Holy Land (Aldershot 2000)

A. Linder, Raising Arms: Liturgy in the Struggle to Liberate Jerusalem in the Late Middle Ages (Turnhout 2003)

D. Nicol, The Last Centuries of Byzantium 1261–1453 (London 1972)

J. Paviot, Les Ducs de Bourgogne, la croisade et l’Orient (Paris 2003)

S. Runciman, The Fall of Constantinople (Cambridge 1965)

K. Setton, The Papacy and the Levant 1204–1571 (Philadelphia 1971–84)

Select List of Rulers

Papacy

Gregory VII 1073–85

(Anti-pope Clement 1080–1100)

Victor III 1086–7

Urban II 1088–99

Paschal II 1099–1118

Gelasius II 1118–19

Calixtus II 1119–24

Honorius II 1124–30

Innocent II 1130–43

(Anti-pope Anacletus 1130–38)

Celestine II 1143–4

Lucius II 1144–5

Eugenius III 1145–53

Anastasius IV 1153–4

Hadrian IV 1154–9

Alexander III 1159–81

Lucius III 1181–5

Urban III 1185–7

Gregory VIII 1187

Clement III 1187–91

Celestine III 1191–8

Innocent III 1198–1216

Honorius III 1216–27

Gregory IX 1227–41

Celestine IV 1241

Innocent IV 1243–54

Alexander IV 1254–61

Urban IV 1261–4

Clement IV 1265–8

Gregory X 1271–6

Innocent V 1276

Hadrian V 1276

John XXI 1276–7

Nicholas III 1277–80

Martin IV 1281–5

Honorius IV 1285–7

Nicholas IV 1288–92

Celestine V 1294

Boniface VIII 1294–1303

Benedict XI 1303–4

Clement V 1305–14