Hitler. 1936-1945: Nemesis

Germany: Abteilung Landesverteidigung (National Defence Department) 307; agreement with Austria (1936) 4, 24, 25, 45, 66, 67; Air Ministry 144; alliance with Italy 24–6, 68; American air-raids on fuel plants 635; anti-aircraft weapon development 449; armaments industry 300, 563, 567, 707, 711, 712; ascendancy destabilizes the international order 4; austerity drive (1944) 712; becomes a major power again 28–9; black-marketeering 506, 508; bureaucracy 566–7; capitulation signed 6 May 1945 835; civil service xv, 575; colonies 67, 100, 176, 203, 216, 264, 293, 328; complicity over deportation of Jews 495; cultural despair xlii; declares war on the United States (11 December 1941) 444–6, 486–7, 490; delay in attacking Russia 368; dialects 434; ‘East Wall’ 159–60; economic agreement with Russia (January 1941) 343; elections (1938) 82–3; expansionism xliv–xlv, 24, 49; fatalities 236; flak installations issue 524, 543, 554; Foreign Ministry xliv, 15, 100, 188, 189, 190, 237, 262, 268, 271, 284, 321, 350, 770; Foreign Office 13, 14, 15, 26, 44, 58, 60, 63–4, 67, 87, 89, 90, 95, 121, 262, 478, 492, 539; Four-Year Plan 12, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 57, 63, 66, 67, 68, 89, 143–4, 161, 226, 313, 354, 406; fuel shortage 11, 18, 345; the German greeting 703; growing domestic consumption 9; H becomes the law 511; H blocks proposals to cut down on bureaucracy 574; housing 449; H’s approval of a German-Japanese alliance 448; intelligence 626, 734, 735, 756; judicial system capitulates to the police state 507; judicial system scapegoated 508, 510–11, 522; loses the initiative in the war (1941) 457; Ministerial Bureau 262, 269; Ministry of Armaments 10; Ministry of the Eastern Territories 492; Ministry of Economics 20, 22, 58, 162; Ministry of Finance 574; Ministry of Food 10; Ministry of the Interior 76, 80, 257–60, 312, 492; Ministry of Justice 426, 492, 506, 508–9; Ministry of War 43, 57, 58; Mitteldeutschland xviii; mobilization 169; and the Munich Agreement 122; Mussolini’s state visit (1937) 38, 44–5, 98; national anthem 6, 561; ‘National Day of Celebration of the German People’ (1 May) 37; national debt 161; national pride xv, xvi, xxxix; Naval Pact with Britain (1935) xxxviii, 23; nemesis xvii; new importance in international affairs xxxvi; non-aggression pact with Russia (1939) 205, 206, 210–11, 212, 228, 236, 238, 285, 292, 326, 385; ‘Pact of Steel’ with Italy 193; position against Poland strengthened 165; Post Office 171; Propaganda Ministry 82, 313, 352, 365, 386, 473, 566, 567, 680, 689, 710, 765; reaction to the fate of the 6th Army 551–2; rearmament xxxviii, xliv, xlv, 1, 9–10, 11, 14, 17, 18, 22, 25–6, 43, 160, 161, 163, 237; reassertiveness xxxvi; seeks a national hero xlii–xliii; steel industry 603; supports Italy in the Abyssinian conflict 4; Transport Ministry 507; Tripartite Pact (1940) 326, 332; unstable alliance with Hungary 734; war debts 449; Westwall 97–8, 103, 106, 202, 502, 737, 742

Gersdorff, Rudolph-Christoph Freiherr von 659, 660, 662–3, 666

Gerstenmaier, Eugen 666, 690

Gestapo (Secret State Police) 262, 660; arrest and internment of Jews 133, 145; attacks Communism xxxvi, xxxvii; and the Blomberg scandal 52; Edelweié Pirates kill Gestapo men 704; engaged in Einsatzgruppen actions 468; Galen’s protest 427–30; Headquarters 600; interrogation of Fritsch 56; radicalization 43; and resistance groups 263, 667, 670; and Stalingrad 551; suppression of religious orders in Münster 427; torture of coup conspirators 690; on Tresckow 660

Gewitteraktion (‘Storm Action’) 691

Geyr von Schweppenburg, General Leo 641, 649

Gibraltar 327, 328, 347, 348, 539

Giesing, Dr Erwin 694, 726, 727, 728

Giesler, Hermann 299, 512, 514, 575, 777, 778

Giesler, Gauleiter Paul 575, 576, 823

Giraud, General Henri 541–2

Gisevius, Hans-Bernd 225, 268, 675–6, 678, 682

Glaise-Horstenau, Edmund 71, 74, 75, 79

Gleiwitz, Upper Silesia 221

Globocnik, Odilo 319, 483

Gneisenau, August Graf Neithardt von 644

Gneisenau (battleship) 504

Godesberg Memorandum 114–18, 122