Читаем Hitler. 1936-1945: Nemesis полностью

Headquarters’, near Rastenburg 395–8, 400, 407, 420, 437, 440, 441, 449, 455, 499, 524, 543, 578, 587, 591, 595, 600, 650, 651, 690; Antonescu talks 723; assassination attempt (20 July 1944) 651, 655–8, 671–5, 676; buoyant mood (1941) 433; communications centre 677; the daily routine 500; the deportation issue 479; and filmed executions 693; Guderian favours a retreat in Russia 454; H addresses Party leaders on the consequences of the assassination attempt 706–7; H broadcasts from 619–20; H leaves for good 741; H rarely leaves 420; H resists pressure to leave 738; H speaks on Jews 461, 487–90; headquarters moved to Werewolf, near Vinnitsa 527; H’s speech to Gauleiter 605–6; an important meeting (16 July 1941) 405–6; map room 527; security 623, 694; the Stalingrad crisis 548–9; talks with Ciano and Cavalero 546

Wriezen 782

Wuppertal-Barmen 587

Würzburg 761


Yalta Agreement 761, 778

Yorck von Wartenburg, Peter Graf 665, 666, 683, 690, 692

Yugoslav army 366

Yugoslavia: capitulation of 366; Friendship Treaty with Russia 365; German plans to attack 36z, 363; loss of Austrian territory to 73; military coup (1941) 360, 36z, 368; minerals 194; and the Tripartite Pact 360, 361–2

Z

Zagreb 366

Zamosc district, Lublin 589

Zander, SS-Standartenführer Wilhelm 825

Zaporozhye 599, 602, 660

Zeitschel, SS-Sturmbannführer Carltheo 475

Zeitzier, Major-General Kurt 533, 534, 537, 543, 544, 548, 578–9, 580, 616, 617, 632, 646, 649–50, 665, 694

Zhukov, Marshal Georgi 394, 756, 759, 793, 809, 831, 836

Ziegenberg see Adlerhorst (Eagle’s Eyrie) Zionism, Eichmann’s Zionist contacts 134

Zitomir 394

Zoppot 236

Zossen 769, 793

Zuckmayer, Carl 85

Zwickau 514

Zyklon-B 483

Praise

‘Ian Kershaw has long been recognized as the world expert on Adolf Hitler’s role in the Third Reich… this book is not likely to be bettered in the foreseeable future’.

Brendan Simms, The Times Higher Education Supplement

‘Masterly… As readable and gripping as the first, it explains — the personality of Hitler more convincingly than anything else I’ve read and at the same time sets out in brilliant detail what happened to Germany as a whole during the Second World War’.

Miriam Gross, Sunday Telegraph, Books of the Year

‘Rich in material, balanced, perceptive, humane and very well written — altogether a magnificent achievement’.

David Blackbourn, London Review of Books

‘There is not a better and more complete biography of Hitler and his epoch — and it’s hard to imagine that it could soon be superseded’.

Alexander Gallus, Rheinischer Merkur

‘Monumental… This massive, extensively researched, extraordinarily balanced, and remarkably judicious study is likely to remain the definitive biography for a long time to come’.

Omer Bartov, New Republic

‘This second volume of Ian Kershaw’s magnum opus is even more fascinating than its predecessor, Hubris’.

Antony Beevor, Independent, Books of the Year

‘It is a masterly work; comprehensive, balanced, authoritative, and above all readable. If there is one book that explains Hitler’s success in securing and maintaining power, and in consequence the causes of the Second World War, this is it’.

Sir Michael Howard, The Times Literary Supplement, International Books of the Year

‘A masterpiece which… leaves all previous Hitler biographies in the shade’.

Enrico Syring, Das Parlament
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Hitler. 1936-1945: Nemesis
Hitler. 1936-1945: Nemesis

The climax and conclusion of one of the best-selling biographies of our time.The New Yorker declared the first volume of Ian Kershaw's two-volume masterpiece "as close to definitive as anything we are likely to see," and that promise is fulfilled in this stunning second volume. As Nemesis opens, Adolf Hitler has achieved absolute power within Germany and triumphed in his first challenge to the European powers. Idolized by large segments of the population and firmly supported by the Nazi regime, Hitler is poised to subjugate Europe. Nine years later, his vaunted war machine destroyed, Allied forces sweeping across Germany, Hitler will end his life with a pistol shot to his head.* * *Following the enormous success of HITLER: HUBRIS this book triumphantly completes one of the great modern biographies. No figure in twentieth century history more clearly demands a close biographical understanding than Adolf Hitler; and no period is more important than the Second World War. Beginning with Hitler's startling European successes in the aftermath of the Rhinelland occupation and ending nine years later with the suicide in the Berlin bunker, Kershaw allows us as never before to understand the motivation and the impact of this bizarre misfit. He addresses the crucial questions about the unique nature of Nazi radicalism, about the Holocaust and about the poisoned European world that allowed Hitler to operate so effectively.Amazon.com ReviewGeorge VI thought him a "damnable villain," and Neville Chamberlain found him not quite a gentleman; but, to the rest of the world, Adolf Hitler has come to personify modern evil to such an extent that his biographers always have faced an unenviable task. The two more renowned biographies of Hitler—by Joachim C. Fest (Hitler) and by Alan Bullock (Hitler: A Study in Tyranny)—painted a picture of individual tyranny which, in the words of A. J. P. Taylor, left Hitler guilty and every other German innocent. Decades of scholarship on German society under the Nazis have made that verdict look dubious; so, the modern biographer of Hitler must account both for his terrible mindset and his charismatic appeal. In the second and final volume of his mammoth biography of Hitler—which covers the climax of Nazi power, the reclamation of German-speaking Europe, and the horrific unfolding of the final solution in Poland and Russia—Ian Kershaw manages to achieve both of these tasks. Continuing where Hitler: Hubris 1889–1936 left off, the epic Hitler: Nemesis 1937–1945 takes the reader from the adulation and hysteria of Hitler's electoral victory in 1936 to the obsessive and remote "bunker" mentality that enveloped the Führer as Operation Barbarossa (the attack on Russia in 1942) proved the beginning of the end. Chilling, yet objective. A definitive work.—Miles TaylorFrom BooklistAt the conclusion of Kershaw's Hitler, 1889–1936: Hubris (1999), the Rhineland had been remilitarized, domestic opposition crushed, and Jews virtually outlawed. What the genuinely popular leader of Germany would do with his unchallenged power, the world knows and recoils from. The historian's duty, superbly discharged by Kershaw, is to analyze how and why Hitler was able to ignite a world war, commit the most heinous crime in history, and throw his country into the abyss of total destruction. He didn't do it alone. Although Hitler's twin goals of expelling Jews and acquiring "living space" for other Germans were hardly secret, "achieving" them did not proceed according to a blueprint, as near as Kershaw can ascertain. However long Hitler had cherished launching an all-out war against the Jews and against Soviet Russia, as he did in 1941, it was only conceivable as reality following a tortuous series of events of increasing radicality, in both foreign and domestic politics. At each point, whether haranguing a mass audience or a small meeting of military officers, the demagogue had to and did persuade his listeners that his course of action was the only one possible. Acquiescence to aggression and genocide was further abetted by the narcotic effect of the "Hitler myth," the propagandized image of the infallible leader as national savior, which produced a force for radicalization parallel to Hitler's personal murderous fanaticism; the motto of the time called it "working towards the Fuhrer." Underlings in competition with each other would do what they thought Hitler wanted, as occurred with aspects of organizing the Final Solution. Kershaw's narrative connecting this analysis gives outstanding evidence that he commands and understands the source material, producing this magisterial scholarship that will endure for decades.—Gilbert Taylor

Ian Kershaw

Биографии и Мемуары

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