Инновационная сложность

Information as reflected diversity is an attribute of all natural objects. Human consciousness, when limiting diversity by separating redundant information, distinguishes it intelligible part. The essence of the process of systems development is complexity, improving of organization and diversity. The role of a man as intelligent being predetermined his participation in the processes of development through management. Management of development is limited artificial activities over the natural process. Study of the functioning of information in the objects of animate and inanimate nature makes it possible to determine the reasons of crisis states, to investigate its mechanisms, to show alternative ways of evolution, and to reveal ways ways to overcome the crisis.

Keywords: information, system approach, the limited variety, small factors, animate and inanimate nature, the processes of harmonization, management.

Vitaly G. Gorokhov. The Evolution of Complexity of Technical Systems.

In the article, complexity of machines is considered as a conglomeration of simple machines – from antique mechanics to "theathers of machines" in the 18th century. Complex systems is viewed as integrity: analysis and synthesis of machines in the theory of mechanisms and machines in the 19-20th centures. The author analyzes complex technical systems in systems engeneering: from technical systems to man-machine systems (the activity of man-operator as a complex system) and to sociotechnical systems (complex sociotechnical projects of the second part of 20th century, complexity as a composite nature-attempts of reduction, complexity of the process of creation of big (multudimentional) technical system. Complexty and simplicity of multidimentional and simultaneously of non-dimentional nanosystems in nanosystem engeneering are under consideration as well. Special attention is paid to evolution of complexity under the conditions of growth of technological risks.

Key words: complexity and simplicity, technical systems, macro and nano systems engeneering, social engeneering, technological risks.

Klaus Mainzer. Exploring Complexity: From Artificial Life to Artificial Intelligence and Cyberphysical Systems

The classical cybernetics in the Norbert Wiener's tradition is nowadays a part of the mathematical theory of complex systems and nonlinear dynamics. Only in these frameworks, building of structures and patterns in nature and technics can be explained and in computer models simulated. Self-organization and emergence became well-defined concepts and can be transferred to technical systems. In the first part of the article, the foundations of complex systems and of nonlinear dynamics are under review. As an application, the building of structures and patterns in complex cell systems, which are subject of system biology, is considered. In the second part, the application of complex system dynamics to evolution of brain and cognition is explored. The research gives us a prerequisite for development of cognitive and social robots, what the topic of the third partis. Neural network structures are not at all limited to individual organisms and robots. In the fourth part, the cyberphysical systems, by means of which complex self-controlling sociotechnical systems are modeled, are studied. The mathematical theory of complex systems and nonlinear dynamics provides us with foundation for understanding of self-organization and emergence in this field. Finally, the question of ethical and social general conditions for technical constructing of complex self-organizing systems are stated and discussed.

Keywords: complex systems, nonlinear dynamics, cognitive robotics, cyberphysical systems.

Irina V. Melik-Gaykazyan. Illusion of High-Tech World Complexity.

The challenge of measuring dynamics of socio-cultural systems issued and its methodological solution proposed. Foundations of differentiation between actual and illusionary complexity (caused by high technologies implementation) of modern socio-cultural systems adduced.

Key words: the problem of measurement, characteristics of information, the model of semiotic dynamics, «semiotic attractor»

Ekaterina D. Kuretova and Elena S. Kurkina. Evolution of the Human Society as a Complex System: The Global Trend and Cycles of Development