Коммуникативные агрессии XXI века

Недостатки применения практик коммуникативных агрессий в политическом дискурсе современной России, заключающиеся в усилении оттока человеческого капитала, международных санкциях и полуизоляции России на международной арене, а также всплесках социальной напряженности в локальных точках на огромных просторах страны, в принципе могут расцениваться как «терпимые». Исчерпание мобилизационного потенциала коммуникативной агрессии, то есть «выгорание» их мобилизационного эффекта, можно компенсировать за счет демонстрации «достижений» в области спорта или отдельных отраслей народного хозяйства. Умелое чередование тем и стилей политического дискурса позволяет в обозримой перспективе регулировать тонус общественного мнения в России. Коммуникативная агрессия при этом выступает в качестве эффективного метода эмоционального раздражения, приковывающего внимание аудитории к разворачивающимся в медиапространстве событиям. Наш прогноз сводится к тому, что использование коммуникативной агрессии в политическом дискурсе современной России продолжится.

Summary

The chapter is devoted to the analysis of communicative aggression and political discourse in contemporary Russia. The tradition of studying communicative aggression in political discourse has deep tradition both in Russia and abroad. Detailed studies of the aggressive behavior’s and violence’s effects in the media in most cases pointed to the destructive consequences for the mass consciousness. Excessive use of aggressive rhetoric in political discourse usually indicates the presence of serious socio-political dysfunctions in society. In this chapter is supposed to discuss the problem of communicative aggression in the political discourse of modern Russia, as well as to analyze of the emerging effects and consequences for the stability of the political regime. The chapter also presents a study conducted at the faculty of political science and journalism of St. Petersburg State University in the autumn semester of 2017. Its conclusions serve as the basis for further discussions on the topic of communicative aggression in Russia. Analysis of the views of students makes it possible to assess the prospects for the development of communicative aggression, since it is among the students that the newest trends in media communications are manifested in the first place. This chapter proposes the study of the opinions of students of the Faculty of Political Science and the Graduate School of Journalism and Mass Communications Institute of St. Petersburg State University using questionnaires. The number of respondents was 400 people. Accordingly, the number of political respondents and journalistic respondents was 200 people each, of which a large proportion were undergraduate students: 88.50% among journalists and 79% among political scientists. Also, most of the respondents were female respondents – 70.50%. This gender distribution is associated with the specifics of education in the humanities. This well-known fact confirms the representativeness of the sample. The main goal of the research was to study the opinions of students about the presence of communicative aggression in Russia in general, and in relation to Poland in particular. The study showed that student youth records the presence of hate speech in the domestic media. 55.25% of students agreed with this statement. At the same time, 35.25% of respondents believe that the current Russian politicians treat Poland “rather negatively”, and only 5.25% believe that the attitude is “negative.” Interpretation of the research results suggests that the use of communicative aggression in the political discourse of modern Russia is capable of forming a stable majority consisting of V. Putin’s supporters, who received 76.69% of the vote in the 2018 election. The negative consequences of the use of communicative aggression practices in the political discourse of modern Russia consist in increasing the outflow of human capital, international sanctions and semi-isolation of Russia in the international arena, as well as spikes of social tensions in local areas of the vast expanses of the country.

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