155 D. W. Brogan,
The American Character(New York: Vintage, 1959), p. 164.156 Bellah,
Varieties of Civil Religion,p. 11-13; Cherry, "Two American Sacred Ceremonies", p. 749-50.157 Isaiah Berlin, "Nationalism: Past Neglect and Present Power",
Partisan Review,46 (No. 3,1979), p. 348, quoted in John Mack, "Nationalism and the Self",
The Psychohistory Review,2 (Spring 1983), p. 47-48; Anthony D. Smith,
National Identity(Reno: University of Nevada Press, 1991), p. 143; Wilbur Zelinsky,
Nation into State: The Shifting Symbolic Foundations of American Nationalism(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press 1988), p. 1.158 Benjamin Franklin quoted in Max Savelle, "Nationalism and Other Loyalties in the American Revolution",
American Historical Review,67 (July 1962), p. 903.159 S. M. Grant, "'The Charter of Its Birthright': The Civil War and American Nationalism",
Nations and Nationalism,4 (April 1998), p. 163.594
160 Richard L. Merritt,
Symbols of American Community, 1735-1775(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966), p. 174, 180.161 John M. Murrin, "A Roof Without Walls: The Dilemma of American National Identity", in Richard Beeman, Stephen Botein, and Edward С Carter II, eds.,
Beyond Confederation: Origins of the Constitution and American National Identity(Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987), p. 339; Merritt,
Symbols of American Community,p. 58.162 Albert Harkness, Jr., "Americanism and Jenkins' Ear",
Mississippi Valley Historical Review,37, (June 1950), p. 88; E. McClung Fleming, "Symbols of the United States: From Indian Queen to Uncle Sam", in Ray B. Browne, Richard H. Crowder, Virgil L. Lokke, and William T. Stafford, eds.,
Frontiers of American Culture(Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Studies, 1968), p. 4.163 Merritt,
Symbols of American Communityp. 56, 125, 144, Table 8-2.164 Fisher Ames quoted in Daniel J. Boorstin,
The Americans: The National Experience(New York: Random House, 1966), p. 403,416; Elbridge Gerry quoted in Max Farrand, ed.,
The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787: Proceedings,vol. 1 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966), p. 552; Anders Stephanson,
Manifest Destiny: American Expansion and the Empire of Right(New York: Hill Wang, 1995), p. 30; Henry Steele Commager,
Jefferson, Nationalism, and the Enlightenment(New York: George Braziller, 1975), p. 162; John Marshall quoted in Paul Johnson,
A History of the American People(New York: HarperCollins, 1997), p. 423; John Calhoun, Letter to Oliver Dyer, 1 January 1849; John Bodnar,
Remaking America: Public Memory, Commemoration, and Patriotism in the Twentieth Century(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992), p. 21ff; Zelinsky,
Nation into State,p. 218.165 Commager,
Jefferson, Nationalism, and the Enlightenment,p. 159.166 Seymour Martin Lipset,
The First New Nation: The United States in Historical and Comparative Perspective(New York: Norton, 1979), p. 18ff.167 Zelinsky,
Nation into State,p. 218.595
168 Boorstin,
The Americans,p. 362-65.169 Ibid., p. 370, 373, 367.
170 Bodnar,
Remaking America,p. 21, 26; Stuart McConnell, "Reading the Flag: A Reconsideration of the Patriotic Cults of the 1890's", in John Bodnar, ed.,
Bonds of Affection: Americans Define Their Patriotism(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996), p. 107; Lyn Spillman,
Nation and Commemoration: Creating National Identities in the United States and Australia(New York: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1997), p. 24; Zelinsky,
Nation into State, p. 218-19.171 Abraham Lincoln, "The Perpetuation of our Political Institutions", speech, 27 January 1837, Springfield, IL, in
The Speeches of Abraham Lincoln(New York: Chesterfield Society, 1908), p. 9-10.172 Merle Curti,
The Roots of American Loyalty(New York: Columbia University Press, 1946), p. 169-170.