На исходе дня. История ночи

45. Joan Wildeblood and Peter Brinson, The Polite World: A Guide to English Manners and Deportment from the Thirteenth to the Nineteenth Century (London, 1965), 84; Witold Rybczynski, Home: A Short History of an Idea (New York, 1986), 138; O'Dea, Lighting, 217. В то время 28 тысяч ливров примерно равнялись 900 фунтам стерлингов. W. S. Lewis et al., eds., Horace Walpole's Correspondence with Hannah More… (New Haven, 1961), 80. О цене на свечи см.: Lord Beveridge et al., Prices and Wages in England: From the Twelfth to the Nineteenth Century (London, 1939), I, passim.

46. Eric Sloane, Seasons of America Past (New York, 1958), 107; Shakespeare, Cymbeline, I, 6, 110–111; O'Dea, Lighting, 35–37, 43; Crowley, Comfort, 112–115; Davidson, Woman's Work, 104–105, 110; R. D. Oliver Heslop, comp., Northumberland Words… (London, 1894), II, 666; S. K. Tillyard, Aristocrats: Caroline, Emily, Louisa, and Sarah Lennox, 1740–1832 (New York, 1994), 202.

47. Nov. 1, 1794, Dee. 25,1799, Woodforde, Diary, TV, 150, V, 231.

48. 8 Anne c. 9; Sarti, Europe at Home, trans. Cameron, 105.

49. Cobbett, Cottage Economy… (1926; rpt. edn., New York, 1970), 144; SAS, V, 335; Gilbert White, The Natural History and Antiquities of Selbome… (1789; rpt. edn., Menston, Eng., 1972), 197–199; John Caspall, Making Fire and Light in the Home Pre-1820 (Woodbridge, Eng., 1987), 171–179.

50. "A Dissertation on the Instruments that Communicate Light," UM, May, 1749, 229; Max J. Okenfuss, ed., The Travel Diary of Peter Tolstoi, a Muscovite in Early Modern Europe (DeKalb, III., 1987), 304; Oct. 8, 1773, Frederick A Pottle and Charles H. Bennett, eds., Boswell's Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson, L.L.D., 1773 (New York, 1961), 281; Pinkerton, Travels, 1,766, П1,587; O⁷!^, Lighting, 40–41; Crowley, Comfort, 111–113; Davidson, Woman's Work, 106,109; Maurice Vaussard, Daily Life in Eighteenth Century Italy, trans. Michael Heron (New York, 1963), 194.

51. Caspall, Malting Fire and Light, 176; Journal of James Robertson, 1767, 91–92, Manuscripts, National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh; "16th Century Lighting in Sweden," Rushlight 15 (1949), 4; Rushlight 39 (1973), 8; Jean Kathryn Berger, "The Daily Life of the Household in Medieval Novgorod (Russia)" (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Minnesota, 1998), 92–94; Davidson, Woman's Work, 107–108; James Brome, Travels over England, Scotland and Wales (London, 1700), 99,218; Perceval, English Travels, ed. Wenger, 139; Burt, Letters, II, 127–128; Ménétra, Journal, 32.

52. Everett Emerson, ed., Letters from New England: The Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1629–1638 (Amherst, Mass., 1976), 36; Thomas Coulson, "The Story of Domestic Lighting," Journal of the Franklin Institute 256 (1953), 207–208; Caspall, Fire and Light, 262.

53. Tilley, Proverbs in England, 144; June 6, 1712, Louis B. Wright and Marion Tinling, eds., The Secret Diary of William Byrd of Westover, 1709–1712 (Richmond, 1941), 540.

54. Gamert, Lampan, 104–105, 278–279; Magnus Gislason, Kvällsvaka: En Isländsk Kulturtradition Belyst Genom Studier i Bondebefolkningens Vardagsliv… (Uppsala, 1977), 144,149; Jonathan Swift, Directions to Servants: and Miscellaneous Pieces, 1733–1742, ed. Herbert John Davis (Oxford, 1959), 20.

55. George Washington Greene, ed., The Works of Joseph Addison (Philadelphia, 1883), I, 314; O'Dea, Lighting, 2; Domestic Management… (London, n. d), 22,48.