Нейромания. Как мы теряем разум в эпоху расцвета науки о мозге

   (14) Общую информацию можно найти в: John Van Wyhe, Phrenology and the Origins of Victorian Scientific Naturalism (Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2004). Примечание к этой истории с точки зрени френологии: травмировавший Гейджа трамбовочный стержень (железная палка для утрамбовки взрывчатого вещества в трещине или отверстии при взрывании скальных пород) вылетел «поблизости от зоны доброжелательности и передней части зоны почитания». MacMillan, Odd Kind of Fame, 350.

   (15) Max Neuburger, “Briefe Galls an Andreas und Nannette Streicher”, Ar- chiv fur Geschichte der Medizin 10 (1917): 3-70, 10, процитировано no: John Van Wyhe, “The Authority of Human Nature: The Schadellehre [skull reading] of Franz Joseph Gall”, British Journal for the History of Science 35 (2002): 17-42, 27; Steven Shapin, “The Politics of Observation: Cerebral Anatomy and Social Interests in the Edinburgh Phrenology Disputes”, в: On

the Margins of Science: The Social Construction of Rejected Knowledge, ed. R. Wallis (Keele, UK: University Press of Keele, 1979), 139-178. Общую информацию можно найти в: John D. Davies, Phrenology, Fad and Science (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1955).

   (16) Mark Twain, The Autobiography of Mark Twain, ed. Charles Neider (New York: HarperCollins, 2000), “startled”, 85; “cavity” and “humiliated”, 86; “Mount Everest”, 87; Delano Jose Lopez, “Snaring the Fowler: Mark Twain Debunks Phrenology”, Skeptical Inquirer 26, no. 1 (2002),cop.org/si/show/snaring the fowler mark twain debunks phrenology/.

   (17) Shaheen E. Lakhan and Enoch Callaway, “Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Treatment-Resistant Depression: Systematic Review”, BMC Research Notes 3 (2010): 60,со/1756-0500/3/60/. По поводу возможной ценности фМРТ в прогнозировании рецидивов у людей, прошедших лечение от депрессии, см.: Norman A. S. Farb et al., “Mood-Linked Responses in Medial Prefrontal Cortex Predict Relapse in Patients with Recurrent Unipolar Depression”, Biological Psychiatry 70, no. 4 (2011): 366-372; и Oliver Doehrmann et al., “Predicting Treatment Response in Social Anxiety Disorder from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging”, Archives of General Psychiatry 70, no. 1 (2013): 87-97. Об использовании фМРТ в лечении коматозных пациентов см.: David Су- ranowski, “Neuroscience: The Mind Reader”, Nature 486 (2012): 178-180; и Joseph J. Fins, “Brain Injury: The Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States”, в From Birth to Death and Bench to Clinic: The Hastings Center Bioethics Briefing Book for Journalists, Policymakers, and Campaigns, ed. Mary Crowley (Garrison, NY: Hastings Center, 2008), 15-20,ingscenter.org/Publications/BriefingBook/Detail.aspx?id=2166.

   (18) Aaron J. Newman et al., “Dissociating Neural Subsystems for Grammar by Contrasting Word Order and Infl ection”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 16 (2010): 7539-7544; Daniel A. Abrams et

al., “Multivariate Activation and Connectivity Patterns Discriminate Speech Intelligibility in Wernicke’s, Broca’s, and Geschwind’s Areas”, Cerebral Cortex, 2012,cor.bhsl65.abstract; Nancy Kanwisher, “Functional Specifi city in the Human Brain: A Window into the Functional Architecture of the Mind”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 25 (2010): 11163-11170; Lofti B. Merabet and Alvaro Pascual-Leone, “Neural Reor ga ni za tion Following Sensory Loss — The Opportunity for Change”, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 11 (2012): 44-53; Luke A. Henderson et al., “Functional Reor ga ni za tion of the Brain in Humans Following Spinal Cord Injury: Evidence for Underlying Changes in Cortical Anatomy”, Journal of Neuroscience 31, no. 7 (2011): 2630-2637; M. Ptito et al., “TMS of the Occipital Cortex Induces Tactile Sensations in the Fingers of Braille Readers”, Experimental Brain Research 184 (2008): 193-200, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17717652.

   (19) Дебаты Рассела Полдрака и Марко Иакобони относительно научной обоснованности результатов, полученных FKF в исследовании колеблющихся избирателей, приведены в: Adam Kolber, “Poldrack Replies to Iacoboni Neuropolitics Discussion”, Neuroethics 8c Law Blog, June 3, 2008,replie.html, и Adam Kolber, “Iacoboni Responds to Neuropolitics Criticism”, Neuroethics 8c Law Blog, June 3, 2008,law_blog/2008/06/iacoboni-respon.html. О функциях миндалевидного тела см.: Shermer, “Five Ways Brain Scans Mislead Us”; Elizabeth A. Phelps and Joseph E. LeDoux, “Contributions of the Amygdala to Emotion Processing: From Animal Models to Human Behavior”, Neuron 48, no. 2 (2005): 175-187; и Turhan Canli and John D. E. Gabrieli, “Imaging Gender Differences in Sexual Arousal”, Nature Neuroscience 7, no. 4 (2004): 325-326.