Почему тело дает сбой. Как ежедневные привычки могут незаметно нас убивать

до натиска химических веществ: Jinghua Yuan et al., “Long-Term Persistent Organic Pollutants Exposure Induced Telomere Dysfunction and Senescence-Associated Secretary Phenotype”, Journals of Gerontology: Series A 73, no. 8 (2018).

испарения от биотоплива: Jamie Rylance et al., “The Global Burden of Air Pollution on Mortality: The Need to Include Exposure to Household Biomass Fuel– Derived Particulates”, Environmental Health Perspectives 118, no. 10 (Oct. 1, 2010).

можно обнаружить внутри этих макрофагов даже спустя годы: Yoav Arnson, Yehuda Shoenfeld, and Howard Amital, “Effects of Tobacco Smoke on Immunity, Inflammation and Autoimmunity”, Journal of Autoimmunity 34, no. 3 (May 1, 2010).

им удается сохранить множество благоприятных факторов: Daniela Monti et al., “Inflammaging and Human Longevity in the Omics Era”, Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 165 (July 1, 2017).

развивается скрытое воспаление, которое может сохраняться: Christopher P. Fagundes and Baldwin Way, “Early-Life Stress and Adult Inflammation”, Current Directions in Psychological Science 23, no. 4 (Aug. 1, 2014); Olvera Alvarez et al., “Early Life Stress, Air Pollution, Inflammation, and Disease”.

естественным образом снижается с возрастом: Charles Serhan, interview with author, Feb. 2019.

все начинается еще раньше: Renz et al., “An Exposome Perspective”; Kanakadurga Singer and Carey N. Lumeng, “The Initiation of Metabolic Inflammation in Childhood Obesity”, Journal of Clinical Investigation 127, no. 1 (Jan. 3, 2017).

Глава 17. Люди-химеры

благодаря особой генетической мутации: Florian J. Clemente et al., “A Selective Sweep on a Deleterious Mutation in CPT1A in Arctic Populations”, American Journal of Human Genetics 95, no. 5 (Nov. 6, 2014); Melanie B. Gillingham et al., “Impaired Fasting Tolerance among Alaska Native Children with a Common Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A Sequence Variant”, Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 104, no. 3 (2011).

из глубоко укоренившихся эволюционных уязвимостей: Gokhan Hotamisligil, interview with author, Feb. 2019. См. также: Daniel Okin and Ruslan Medzhitov, “Evolution of Inflammatory Diseases”, Current Biology 22, no. 17 (Sept. 11, 2012).

писал о трансплантации органов: Silverstein, History of Immunology.

также играет роль в отторжении органов: Daniel N. Mori et al., “Inflammatory Triggers of Acute Rejection of Organ Allografts”, Immunological Reviews 258, no. 1 (2014).

вызванное раздраженной врожденной иммунной системой: Faouzi Braza et al., “Role of TLRs and DAMPs in Allograft Inflammation and Transplant Outcomes”, Nature Reviews Nephrology 12, no. 5 (May 1, 2016); Dag Olav Dahle et al., “Inflammation-Associated Graft Loss in Renal Transplant Recipients”, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 26, no. 11 (2011); Daniel Kreisel and Daniel R. Goldstein, “Innate Immunity and Organ Transplantation: Focus on Lung Transplantation”, Transplant International 26, no. 1 (Jan. 1, 2013).

лишение его доступа крови: Karsten Bartels, Almut Grenz, and Holger K. Eltzschig, “Hypoxia and Inflammation Are Two Sides of the Same Coin”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 110, no. 46 (Nov. 12, 2013).

Особые иммунные клетки под названием Tregs: Muhammad Atif et al., “Regulatory T Cells in Solid Organ Transplantation”, Clinical & Translational Immunology 9, no. 2 (2020).

Tregs могут способствовать развитию уникального состояния: Jun-Feng Du et al., “Treg-Based Therapy and Mixed Chimerism in Small Intestinal Transplantation: Does Treg + BMT Equal Intestine Allograft Tolerance?”, Medical Hypotheses 76, no. 1 (Jan. 2011).

связан с более низким уровнем отторжения органов: J. Zuber et al., “Macrochimerism in Intestinal Transplantation: Association with Lower Rejection Rates and Multivisceral Transplants, without GVHD”, American Journal of Transplantation 15, no. 10 (Oct. 1, 2015).

полностью отказаться от лекарств: Joseph Leventhal et al., “Chimerism and Tolerance without GVHD or Engraftment Syndrome in HLA-Mismatched Combined Kidney and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation”, Science Translational Medicine 4, no.124 (March 7, 2012).

уровень Tregs может естественным образом меняться при изменении образа жизни: См., например: Wooki Kim and Hyungjae Lee, “Advances in Nutritional Research on Regulatory T-Cells”, Nutrients 5, no. 11 (Oct. 28, 2013); Shohreh Issazadeh-Navikas, Roman Teimer, and Robert Bockermann, “Influence of Dietary Components on Regulatory T Cells”, Molecular Medicine 18, no. 1 (2012); Rebeca Arroyo Hornero et al., “The Impact of Dietary Components on Regulatory T Cells and Disease”, Frontiers in Immunology 11 (2020); J. A. Fishman and A. W. Thomson, “Immune Homeostasis and the Microbiome – Dietary and Therapeutic Modulation and Implications for Transplantation”, American Journal of Transplantation 15, no. 7 (2015).