Позитивные изменения, Том 3 №1, 2023. Positive changes. Volume 3, Issue 1 (2023)

В ходе оценки экспертам нужно будет оценить вероятность того, что достижение очередного результата в этой цепочке обеспечит реализацию следующего шага. Например, если девочки пройдут полный курс тренировок в академии (15 часов), какова вероятность того, что они овладеют базовыми навыками игры?

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ

Мировой опыт показывает, что проекты, реализуемые в сфере физической культуры и массового спорта, могут создавать как значимые позитивные социальные изменения, так и негативные эффекты. Важным результатом проведенного исследования стала систематизация данных эффектов, что поможет организациям, реализующим и поддерживающим проекты в сфере социального спорта, в их идентификации и оценке. Использование различных видов оценки позволяет выявлять и измерять создаваемые изменения на всех стадиях реализации проекта, что, в свою очередь, помогает лучше управлять процессом изменений. Кроме того, оценка важна для обоснования объемов финансирования и выбора направлений стратегического развития, что особенно актуально в современных условиях, когда все социальные инициативы уже не могут рассчитывать на прежний уровень поддержки из бюджетных и внебюджетных источников.

The Power of Sport. Evaluation of Projects in the Field of Physical Culture and Grassroots Sport

Ilya Solntsev, Natalia Kosheleva

DOI 10.55140/2782–5817–2023–3–1–80–91

In 2020, the Vladimir Potanin Foundation launched the “Power of Sport,” a charitable initiative aimed at uncovering the potential of sports as a social institution. In preparing the launch of the program, the Foundation experts had to study the experience of evaluating project effectiveness, in both an international and Russian context – as well as develop approaches to the selection of promising development areas, including identification and evaluation of effects. To address these problems, the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation conducted a study in 2022 aimed at identifying the effects achieved through the implementation of social sports projects and summarizing the approaches used to evaluate them.

Ilya Solntsev

Doctor of Economics, Head of the Department of Management and Marketing in Sports, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation

Natalia Kosheleva

Consultant on monitoring and evaluation of social programs and projects, president of the Association of Specialists in Program and Policy Evaluation (ASPPE)

SOCIAL EFFECTS OF SPORTS PROJECTS

Projects implemented in the sphere of physical culture and grassroots sport address a wide range of problems that go beyond the category of “sports”: a number of changes occur in the economy, education and professional sphere, adaptation and socialization, and demography. Sports projects also affect people’s well-being, by changing crime and disease rates. Such a broad range of impacts resulted in the creation of the “Sport for Development” concept, which emerged in the middle of the 20th century. The first scholar to set up its theoretical basis was the American psychologist Gordon Allport (1954), who suggested that contact between different groups of people with different characteristics, including gender, ethnicity and race, was the most effective means of fighting racism, prejudice, and discrimination.

Based on this theoretical framework, Alexis Lyras (2011) suggested that sport initiatives could promote personal development and social change through the use of non-traditional management methods and by combining sports with cultural and educational activities. A number of analytical portals concept are dedicated to the “Sports for Development” concept, for example: Sport for Development[70], and Sport and Development[71], along with multiple studies by global organizations such as UNICEF[72] and the UN[73]. The impact of sports on the society as a whole can be summarized via the UN Sustainable Development Goals[74].

The effects generated by sports projects can be classified into positive and negative, and by the direction of the impact – in the context of the social sphere, health and economy (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Effects generated by sports projects