Sex at Dawn

15. The book was published in 2002, while Goldberg’s came out almost a decade earlier, but all of Sanday’s work on the Minangkabau, including the paper Goldberg cites, argues against his position—a point certainly deserving of mention.

16. Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-05/ uop-imm050902.php.

17. Source: www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-05/

uop-imm050902.php.

18. Most of these quotes are from an article by David Smith

that appeared in The Guardian, September 18, 2005, available online at http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2005/sep/18/

usa.filmnews, or Stephen Holden’s review in The New York Times, June 24, 2005, available online at

http://movies.nytimes.com/2005/06/24/movies/ 24peng.html?_r=2.

19. The San Diego Union-Tribune: “Studies Suggest Monogamy Isn’t for the Birds—or Most Creatures,” by Scott LaFee, September 4, 2002.

20. “Monogamy and the Prairie Vole,” Scientific American online issue, February 2005, pp. 22-27.

21. Things have become a bit more muddled since Insel said that. More recently, Insel and others have been working on trying to discover the hormonal correlations underlying the fidelity or lack thereof among prairie, montane, and meadow voles. As reported in the October 7, 1993 issue of Nature, Insel and his team found that vasopressin, a hormone released during mating, seemed to trigger protective, nestguarding behavior in some species of male voles, but not others, leading to speculation about “monogamy genes.” See http://findarticles com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n22_v144/ ai_14642472 for a review. In 2008, Hasse Walum of the Karolinska Institute in Sweden found that a variation in the gene called RS3 334 seemed to be associated with how easily men bonded emotionally with their partners. Most interestingly, the gene appears to have some association with autism as well. The reference for Walum’s paper is Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.1073pnas.0803081105. A news article summarizing the findings is online at http://www.newscientist.com/article/ dn14641-monogamy-gene-found-in-people.html.

Chapter 10: Jealousy: A Beginner’s Guide to Coveting Thy Neighbor’s Spouse

1. Darwin (1871/2007), p. 184.

2. Hrdy (1999b), p. 249.

3. Known to historians as The Wicked Bible or The Adulterous Bible, the mistake led to the royal printers losing their license and a £300 fine.

4. Confusingly, the tribe that came to be known as the Flatheads was not one of them, as their heads were “flat,” like the white trappers’, while the neighboring tribes’ heads were bizarrely conical.

5. Grayscale reproduction scanned from Eaton, D.; Urbanek,

5.: Paul Kane’s Great Nor-West, University of British Columbia Press; Vancouver, 1995.

6. In fact, Maryanne Fisher and her colleagues found the opposite; distress was greater if the infidelity involved someone with familial bonds (see Fisher, et al. [2009]).

7. Buss (2000), p. 33.

9. Jetha and Falcato (1991).

10. Harris (2000), p. 1084.

11. For an overview of Buss’s research on jealousy, see Buss

(2000). For research and commentary rebutting his work, see Ryan and Jetha (2005), Harris and Christenfeld (1996), and DeSteno and Salovey (1996).

12. www.epjournal.net/filestore/ep06667675.pdf.

13. Holmberg (1969), p. 161.

14. From an “On Faith” blog post in The Washington Post, November 29, 2007: http://newsweek.washingtonpost.com/ onfaith/panelists/richard_dawkins/2007/11/ banishing_the_greeneyed_monste.html.

15. Wilson (1978), p. 142.

Part III: The Way We Weren’t

Chapter 11: “The Wealth of Nature” (Poor?)

1. Presumably, he was reading the sixth edition, published in 1826.

2. Barlow (1958), p. 120.

3. It’s no accident that Darwin was well aware of Malthus’s thinking. Harriet Martineau, an early feminist, economic philosopher, and outspoken opponent of slavery, had been close to Malthus before striking up a friendship with Darwin’s older brother, Erasmus, who introduced her to Charles. Had Charles not been “astonished to find how ugly she is,” some, including Matt Ridley, suspect their friendship might have led to marriage. It would surely have been a marriage with lasting effects on Western thought (see Ridley’s article, “The Natural Order of Things,” in The Spectator, January 7, 2009).

4. Shaw (1987), p. 53.