K. Lorenz, Here Am I – Where Are You?: The Behavior of the Greylag Goose
(New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1988), 18–20.
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О том, что навыки ориентирования в пространстве не зависят от зрения см. R. L. Klatsky et al., “Performance of Blind and Sighted Persons on Spatial Tasks,” Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness
89 (1995): 70–82.
141
R. M. Grieve and K. J. Jeffery, “The Representation of Space in the Brain,” Behavioural Processes
135 (2017): 113–131; C. G. Kentros et al., “Increased Attention to Spatial Context Increases Both Place Field Stability and Spatial Memory,” Neuron 42 (2004): 283–295; J. O’Keefe, and L. Nadel, The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978).
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M. E. Arteberry and P. J. Kellman, Development of Perception in Infancy: The Cradle of Knowledge Revisited
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2016); M. Arterberry, A. Yonas, and A. S. Bensen, “Self-Produced Locomotion and the Development of Responsiveness to Linear Perspective and Texture Gradients,” Developmental Psychology 25 (1989): 976–982; M. Kavsek, A. Yonas, and C. E. Granrud, “Infants’ Sensitivity to Pictorial Depth Cues: A Review and Meta-analysis of Looking Studies,” Infant Behavior and Development 35 (2012): 109–128; A. Tsuruhara et al., “The Development of the Ability of Infants to Utilize Static Cues to Create and Access Representations of Object Shape,” Journal of Vision 10 (2010), doi:10.1167/10.12.2; A. Yonas and C. E. Granrud, “Infants’ Perception of Depth from Cast Shadows,” Perception & Psychophysics 68 (2006): 154–160.
143
J. J. Gibson, The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception
(Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, 1986).
144
Gibson, The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception
.
145
Любопытно, что иллюзия Понцо обманула и пациентов проекта Пракаш всего через 48 часов после операции на удаление катаракты, которая подарила им зрение. Для них серые линии выглядели одинаковыми: as different sizes: T. Gandhi et al., “Immediate Susceptibility to Visual Illusions After Sight Onset,” Current Biology
25 (2015): R345–R361.
146
O. Sacks, “To See and Not See,” in An Anthropologist on Mars: Seven Paradoxical Tales
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147
V. S. Ramachandran, “Perceiving Shape from Shading,” Scientific American
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148
M. Von Senden, Space and Sight: The Perception of Space and Shape in the Congenitally Blind Before and After Operation
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149
Arteberry and Kellman, Development of Perception in Infancy
; Arterberry, Yonas, and Bensen, “Self-Produced Locomotion”; Kavsek, Yonas, and Granrud, “Infants’ Sensitivity to Pictorial Depth Cues”; Tsuruhara et al., “The Development of the Ability of Infants to Utilize Static Cues”; Yonas and Granrud, “Infants’ Perception of Depth from Cast Shadows.”
150
Эта цитата приписывается Хелен Келлер, но ее источник точно не установлен. Впрочем, Келлер иногда высказывала похожую идею. Например, в книге Helen Keller in Scotland: A Personal Record Written by Herself
, ed. James Kerr Love (London: Methuen & Co., 1933) она писала: «Проблемы глухоты намного глубже и сложнее, нежели проблемы слепоты, а может быть и важнее. Глухота – намного большее несчастье, ибо она означает потерю самого жизненно важного – звука голоса, который несет с собой речь, приводит нашу мысль в движение и помогает нам оставаться в интеллектуальном сообществе людей». См. “FAQ: Deaf People in History: Quotes by Helen Keller,” Gallaudet University, http://libguides.gallaudet.edu/c.php?g=773975&p=5552566.
151
D. Wright, Deafness: An Autobiography
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152
H. Keller, The Story of My Life: The Restored Edition
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153
S. Schaller, A Man Without Words
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154
M. Chorost, Rebuilt: How Becoming Part Computer Made Me More Human
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155
L. Vygotsky, Thought and Language
, ed. Alex Kozulin (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1986).
156
J. Bruner, Child’s Talk
(New York: W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., 1983).
157