Stalin

Franco’s meeting with, 797–98, 815

as gambler, 675, 705

general European war anticipated by, 474

and German-Soviet negotiations, 403, 660, 661, 664–65

inner circle of, 585, 586

Lebensraum policy of, 238, 342, 474, 556, 562, 682, 783, 785, 834, 904

Lithuania ceded to Soviet sphere of influence by, 694–95

Lvov withdrawal ordered by, 686

as master improviser, xiv–xv

meeting of Simon and Eden with, 240–41, 254

Molotov’s meetings with, 806, 807–8, 823

Munich Pact and, 564, 565–66

Mussolini’s relationship with, 555–56, 559, 561, 798

in 1933 visit to Soviet Union, 146–47

nonaggression pacts and, 157–58, 252

in Paris tour, 769–70

personality and interests of, 583–85

Pétain’s meeting with, 798, 815

Polish invasion and, 636, 639, 651, 657, 661–62, 675–77

on possibility of war with USSR, 241

on possible Soviet Pact, 650

in prison, xiv

rearmament pushed by, 143, 238, 556

Rhineland remilitarized by, 288

rise of, xii–xiv, 129

SA arrests ordered by, 174–75

as self-proclaimed defender of civilization, 641

and Soviet annexation of Baltic states, 773

Soviet invasion plans of, see Germany, Nazi, Soviet invasion preparations of

Soviet pact desired by, 631, 639, 640, 646–47

Soviet policy of, 143, 617, 623

Soviet threat as fixation of, 242–43, 244, 248, 255, 257, 276, 292, 299, 329, 340, 342

and Spanish civil war, 317, 318, 398

on Stalin, 822

Stalin compared with, xiv–xv, 888

Stalin’s accusations of Trotskyite collusion with, 386–87

Stalin’s birthday greeting from, 734–35

Stalin’s misreading of, 119, 239, 583, 838, 859, 864–65, 869, 878, 891, 896, 897

Stalin’s relationship with, 579, 905–6

Stalin’s view of, 432, 822

and start of German invasion of USSR, 900

Triple Alliance proposal and, 655, 662

U.S. power envied by, 833–34

Versailles Treaty injustices decried by, 240, 254, 612, 630, 675

war ministry abolished by, 475

Western offensive planned by, 700, 720, 735

world conquest as goal of, 904–5

World War I army service of, xiii

zero-sum geopolitics of, 904

Hitler Rearms (Woodman), 681

Hitler-Stalin Pact, xii, xv, 631, 646, 699, 702, 708, 774, 775, 793, 880, 889, 903

Baltic states as issue in, 651, 652, 654, 659

British and French reaction to, 673–74, 676, 730

division of Poland in, 664, 679, 680

German violations of, 787–88, 790, 792, 799, 808

hard-line Nazis’ dismay at, 673

Japan and, 670

Lithuania and, 692–93

negotiations leading to, 650, 651, 654, 655, 657, 659–60, 662–65

new Soviet demands for, 799–800

revision of, 692–94, 695–96

Ribbentrop and, 678

seen as betrayal of Communist ideals, 670–72

signing of, 665–66

Soviet war planning and, 829

spheres-of-influence protocol of, 664, 666, 684, 685, 773, 806, 808, 831

Stalin on, 671, 768

Hoffmann, Heinrich, 584, 673

Hohenzollern dynasty, xv

Homage to Catalonia (Orwell), 410–11

Hoover, Herbert, 61, 79

Horthy, Miklós, 889

House of Commons, British, 28, 582, 614, 679

housing, scarcity of, 405

Howard, Roy, 287–88, 298, 621

“How Could This Happen?” (Trotsky), 13

How It All Began (Bukharin), 478

“How to Organize Competition?” (Lenin), 18

Hungarian Soviet Republic, 545

Hungary, 17, 557, 787, 791, 889

in Axis pact, 811–12, 829, 847

Czech territory seized by, 609

mobilization of, 894

I Am the Son of the Working People (Katayev), 770

Ilf, Ilya, 285, 404

Ilyushin, Sergei, 853

In an Old Urals Factory (Yoganson), 607

Indochina, 794

Industrial Academy, 25, 26, 109, 110

industrialization, Soviet, 16, 41, 53, 87, 131–32, 308, 821

accidents and waste in, 73

armament production in, 20–21, 84–85, 727, 760, 820

capital investment in, 257–58, 273

collectivization and, 10–11

first Five-Year Plan and, 17, 20–21, 28, 48

grain exports and, 43, 49–50, 68, 94, 131

growth of work force and, 72, 73, 85

importing of Western skills and technology in, 32, 45, 71–72, 297

mass arrests and, 445, 551, 603

1934 boom in, 155, 168–69

overoptimistic goals for, 70–71, 606–7

poor quality and underproduction in, 48, 513–14, 606

poor working conditions in, 60

productivity in, 445, 551, 781, 782

shortage of consumer goods in, 781

Soviet great-power status as dependent on, 238

success of, 305

wreckers in, see wreckers, wrecking

“Industrial Party,” 54, 56, 60, 77

Industry of Socialism (art exhibition), 607

intelligentsia, Soviet, 464, 481, 570, 571, 604–5

education of, 573–74

see also cadres

International Brigades, 338, 350, 399, 406, 460

International Congress of Writers for the Defense of Culture, 255–56

In the Steppes of Ukraine (Korniychuk), 896

Ionescu, Gheorghe Ştefan, 555

Iran, 17, 872

Iraq, 872

Irkutsk, 461

Italy:

Abyssinia invaded by, 269, 287, 292, 318

Albania and, 665

in Anti-Comintern Pact, 557

British relations with, 374

France invaded by, 767–68

German “Pact of Steel” with, 632–34, 639

German relations with, 292

Greece invaded by, 798, 812, 847, 849

Munich Pact and, 565–66

Soviet spies in, 241

Spanish civil war intervention of, 318, 323, 328–29, 330, 339, 350, 406, 407, 431, 556, 582

in Tripartite Pact, see Axis Pact

Ivan IV, “the Terrible,” tsar of Russia, 246, 282, 466