Stalin

kulaks (rich peasants), 12, 14

classification of, 74

grain procurements from, 16–17

mass executions and internal deportations of, see dekulakization

Kulik, Grigory, 397, 414–15, 561, 651, 741, 752, 878

marriages of, 758, 795

mechanized units disparaged by, 755

promoted to marshal, 758

Kun, Béla, 172, 189, 446, 545

Kuril Islands, 811, 851

Kursk, 180

Kursky, Vladimir, 415, 526

Kutuzov, Mikhail, 751–52

Kutyakov, Ivan, 395–96

Kuusinen, Otto, 171, 189, 446, 723–25, 753

Kuzmina, Yulia, 411, 412

Kuznetsk, 32

Kuznetsov, Nikolai, 380, 427, 684, 899

as naval commissar, 702

promoted to admiral, 759

on Stalin’s fear of German attack, 893

Kwantung Army, Japanese, 31, 84, 125, 531, 597, 645

in Amur confrontation with Soviet gunboats, 456

in border clashes with Soviets, 535–40, 547, 557, 562, 597, 644, 650, 667–70, 677, 683, 726, 755, 902

massacre of Chinese soldiers by, 83

Kyrgyzstan, 354, 773

Labour party, British, 24

Ladoga, Lake, 711

Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk (Shostakovich), 283

Lakoba, Nestor, 136–37, 144, 165

agricultural reports of, 231

background of, 137–38

Beria’s campaign against relatives and associates of, 515

Beria’s rivalry with, 139, 141, 142, 237, 504–6, 508

death of, 506, 526

Orjonikidze’s friendship with, 137

popularity of, 137, 140

Stalin biography and, 214

Stalin’s friendship with, 137, 138, 140, 237, 506

Lakoba, Sarie, 505, 506

Land Under the Yoke (Wasilewska), 789

Lapin, Albert, 532–33

Largo Caballero, Francisco, 338, 343, 346, 380–81, 406

resignation of, 408

Stalin and, 347, 365, 381, 405

Larina, Anna, 45, 349

Last Billionaire, The (film), 230

Latvia, 17, 50, 62–63, 89, 485, 596, 634, 664, 786

German nonaggression pact with, 647

Red Army troops in, 770–71

Soviet annexation of, 772

Soviet bases in, 714

Soviet pacts with, 93, 708, 715

standing army of, 112

Latvians, in USSR, 476, 454

Laval, Pierre, 242, 246, 252

German rapprochement sought by, 272

Stalin’s meeting with, 251

in trip to Moscow, 251

Law of Life, The (film), 788–89, 790

leadership, Stalin’s view of, 441–42

League of Nations, 83, 125, 144, 145, 146, 158, 218, 240, 242, 245, 269, 280, 288, 292, 608

Germany’s exit from, 173, 240

USSR expelled from, 729

USSR’s joining of, 189, 190, 237, 239, 248, 299

Lefortovo prison, 438

Lehmann, Wilhelm “Willy,” 221, 804

Lemeshev, Sergei, 595

Lend-Lease Act, 843

Lenin, Vladimir, 2, 18, 64, 65, 129, 173, 219, 249, 336, 494, 573, 903

death of, 387

documentary films on, 219–20

ideology of, 493–94, 691

New Economic Policy of, 9–10, 15

in 1917 return to Russia, xi

purported Testament of, 5, 12, 15, 67, 105, 160, 212, 228, 262, 299, 303, 336, 337, 372, 602

secret protocols condemned by, 666

Stalin’s rereading of, 691

stroke of, xii

Leningrad, 16, 32, 84

famine in, 112

security of, 711, 718, 747, 748

vulnerability to attack of, 703

Leningrad Film Studio, 218

Leningrad military district, 779

Lenin in 1918 (film), 617–18

Lenin in October (film), 467, 469, 617, 853

Leninism, see Marxism-Leninism

Leonhard, Wolfgang, 671–72

Leontyev, Konstantin (“Petrov”), 864, 895

Levin, Usher Leib “Lev,” 47, 264, 385

Levitan, Yuri, 210, 295, 424

Life of Stalin (Koltsov), 154

Lifshitz, Boris, see Souvarine, Boris

light industry commissariat, 514

arrests in, 405

Literary Fund, 178

literature, Soviet:

socialist realism in, 183

translation of foreign writers in, 231

Union of Soviet Writers and, see Union of Soviet Writers

see also culture, Soviet

Lithuania, 17, 252, 276, 562, 596, 613, 634, 664, 687, 786, 819

ceded to Soviet sphere of influence, 694–95

German-Soviet Pact and, 692–93

pro-German sentiment in, 647

Red Army troops in, 770–71

Soviet annexation of, 772

Soviet bases in, 714

Soviet pacts with, 87–89, 710, 715

Little Entente, 62, 173

Little Golden Calf, The (Ilf and Petrov), 285

Little Peter and the Wolf (Prokofyev), 292–93

Litvin, Mikhail, 416, 540, 543

suicide of, 578

Litvinov, Maxim, 24, 173, 251, 269, 280, 327, 329, 337, 342, 343, 448, 458, 538, 582, 590

anti-Nazism of, 275

Baltic states and, 614

dismissed as foreign affairs commissar, 625, 632

and French-Soviet relations, 357

German-Soviet political negotiations and, 373, 402, 403

as inner circle member, 500

investigation of, 626

Molotov’s antipathy toward, 623, 624, 625

multipower conference proposed by, 612

promoted to foreign affairs commissar, 89

Spanish civil war and, 320, 347

on threat of Nazi aggression, 242–43

Triple Alliance proposal of, 621, 623, 625

U.S. diplomatic recognition negotiated by, 145

war with Germany predicted by, 751

Zhdanov’s enmity toward, 624

livestock:

collectivization and, 29, 35, 43, 94, 96

imports of, 95, 126, 128

losses of, 38, 44, 48, 59, 101, 106, 127, 131, 159

Livshits, Yakov, 348, 358

Lloyd George, David, 614, 776

Loizeau, Lucien, 265–66

Lominadze, Vissarion “Beso,” 56, 57, 58, 64, 69

expelled from Central Committee, 59

suicide of, 358

Long March, 262, 277, 321, 471

Lordkipanidze, Zekeri, 515, 528–29

Low, David, 556, 642

Low Countries, German invasion of, 760, 766, 889

Lozovsky, Solomon, 172, 446