Stalin: A Biography

10. Letter of 18 June 1932: Stalin i Kaganovich. Perepiska., p. 179.

11. Ibid., pp. 282 and 290.

12. Ibid., p. 274.

13. Ibid., p. 359.

14. Ibid., p. 479.

15. See R. Conquest, Harvest of Sorrow; R. W. Davies, Crisis and Progress in the Soviet Economy; and R. W. Davies and S. G. Wheatcroft, The Years of Hunger.

16. Ibid., p. 241.

17. See E. A. Rees, ‘Republican and Regional Leaders at the XVII Party Congress in 1934’, especially pp. 85–6.

18. See R. Conquest, The Great Terror. A Reassessment, pp. 31–46

19. Semnadtsatyi s”ezd Vsesoyuznoi Kommunisticheskoi Partii (b), p. 262.

20. F. Benvenuti, ‘Kirov nella Politica Sovietica’, pp. 283, 303–7 and 315–59.

21. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU-nOGPU–NKVD, p. 569.

22. See R. Conquest, The Great Terror: A Reassessment, pp. 39–52.

23. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU–OGPU–NKVD, p. 650.

24. See R. W. Davies, Soviet History in the Yeltsin Era, p. 155.

25. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU–OGPU–NKVD, p. 388.

26. See O. V. Khlevnyuk, 1937-i, p. 49.

27. See F. Benvenuti and S. Pons, Il sistema di potere dello Stalinismo, p. 105.

28. ITsKKPSS, no. 9 (1989), p. 39

29. Reabilitatsiya: politicheskie protsessy 30–50-kh godov, especially pp. 176–9.

30. See F. Benvenuti, Fuoco sui sabotatori! Stachanovismo e organizzazione industriale in Urss, 1934–1938, chaps. 3 ff.

31. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU–OGPU–NKVD, p. 749: report by A. Vyshin-ski to Stalin and Molotov, 16 February 1936.

32. See A. Nove, An Economic History of the USSR, p. 226.

33. Ibid., p. 227.

34. See R. Moorsteen and R. P. Powell, The Soviet Capital Stock, 1928–1962.

35. See A. Ponsi, Partito unico e democrazia in URSS. La Costituzione del ’36, pp. 20 ff.

36. See the data cited on religious groups by A. Luukkanen, The Religious Policy of the Stalinist State, pp. 142–7.

37. See O. V. Khlevnyuk, 1937-i, p. 53.

38. See S. Fitzpatrick, Stalin’s Peasants, pp. 289–96.

39. Le repressioni degli anni trenta nell’Armata Rossa, p. 156.

40. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU–OGPU–NKVD, p. 753.

41. See B. Starkov, Dela i lyudi stalinskogo vremeni, p. 39.

42. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU–OGPU–NKVD, p. 767.

29. Ruling the Nations

1. This is calculated from the figures of the 1926 census in V. Kozlov, The Peoples of the Soviet Union, p. 69.

2. S. Allilueva, Dvadtsat’ pisem k drugu, p. 29.

3. Zastol’nye rechi Stalina. Dokumenty i materialy, p. 158.

4. See above, p. 302.

5. Tak govoril Kaganovich, p. 48.

6. Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin (1938), p. 5.

7. K. Simonov, Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniya, p. 37.

8. See S. Fitzpatrick, Stalin’s Peasants, pp. 289–96.

9. See F. Bettanin, La fabbrica del mito, p. 89.

10. G. Dimitrov, Diario. Gli anni di Mosca (1934–1945), p. 81.

11. See S. Crisp, ‘Soviet language Planning, 1917–1953’, pp. 27–9.

12. See S. Kuleshov and V. Strada, Il fascismo russo, pp. 229–38.

13. See T. Martin, The Affirmative Action Empire, pp. 206–7. See also H. Kuromiya, ‘The Donbass’, pp. 157–8.

14. See T. Martin, The Affirmative Action Empire, pp. 302–3.

15. See above, pp. 276–7.

16. Tak govoril Kaganovich, p. 48.

17. See above, pp. 204–5.

18. See G. Hewitt, ‘Language Planning in Georgia’, pp. 137–9.

19. See the files reproduced in Abkhaziya: dokumenty svidel’stvuyut. 1937–1953.

20. GDMS, Hall III holds a copy of Stalin’s suggestion for Nutsubidze’s anthology.

21. See above, pp. 96–101.

22. See R. Service, A History of Twentieth-Century Russia, pp. 206–7 and 318.

23. Ibid.

24. Zastol’nye rechi Stalina. Dokumenty i materialy, p. 151 (first variant of notes taken by R. P. Khmelnitski).

25. See D. Lieven, Nicholas II, p. 163.