Stalin: A Biography

17. Bol’shevistskoe rukovodstvo. Perepiska, 1912–1927, p. 90.

18. Ibid., p. 105.

19. Stalin v vospominaniyakh sovremennikov i dokumentov epokhi, p. 146.

20. Pis’ma I. V. Stalina V. M. Molotovu, p. 102.

21. Ibid., pp. 103, 104, 106, 107 and 116–17.

22. Ibid., p. 107.

23. I. V. Stalin, Sochineniya, vol. 10, p. 193.

23. Ending the NEP

1. See J. Baberowski, Der Feind ist überall, p. 561.

2. RGASPI, f. 17, op. 3, d. 667, pp. 10–12.

3. See J. Hughes, Stalin, Siberia and the Crisis of the NEP, p. 129.

4. Ibid., p. 138.

5. See A. Nove, An Economic History of the USSR, pp. 137–8 and 140–1.

6. See J. Harris, The Great Urals, p. 69.

7. See J. Baberowski, Der Feind ist überall, p. 564.

8. See J. Baberowski, Der Rote Terror, pp. 196–7.

9. Organisational report of the Central Committee: Pyatnadtsatyi s”ezd Veso-yuznoi Kommunisticheski Partii-(b), pp. 100–3. This number includes probationary members.

10. Pis’ma I. V. Stalina V. M. Molotovu, p. 35.

11. I. V. Stalin, Sochineniya, vol. 9, pp. 136–8. The significance of these early calls for faster industrialisation was established by R. Tucker, Stalin as Revolutionary, pp. 398–9.

12. I. V. Stalin, Sochineniya, vol. 11, pp. 1–9.

13. Pravda, 15 February 1928.

14. See E. H. Carr and R. W. Davies, Foundations of a Planned Economy, 1926–1929, vol. 1, part 1, p. 55.

15. Sovetskoe rukovodstvo. Perepiska, 1928–1941, p. 73.

16. Andrei Sokolov, ‘Before Stalinism: The Defense Industry of Soviet Russia in the 1920s’, pp. 12–14.

17. Kamenev’s summary of his conversation with N. I. Bukharin and G. Sokolnikov in Razgovory s Bukharinym, p. 32.

18. See A. Nove, An Economic History of the USSR, p. 145.

19. R. W. Davies, The Socialist Offensive, pp. 41–51.

20. I am grateful to Mark Harrison for sharing with me his knowledge of the final crisis of the NEP.

21. Razgovory s Bukharinym, p. 30: Kamenev’s summary of conversation with G. Sokolnikov.

22. Ibid., p. 35: appendix to summary of conversation of L. B. Kamenev, N. I. Bukharin and G. Sokolnikov.

23. Ibid., pp. 32–3: Kamenev’s summary of conversation with G. Sokolnikov.

24. Ibid., pp. 30–1.

25. Pravda, 28 September 1928. See also S. F. Cohen, Bukharin and the Bolshevik Revolution, pp. 295–6.

26. Razgovory s Bukharinym, p. 35: summary of conversation of L. B. Kamenev, N. I. Bukharin and G. Sokolnikov.

27. Ibid.

28. Razgovory s Bukharinym, p. 35: appendix of summary of conversation of L. B. Kamenev, N. I. Bukharin and G. Sokolnikov.

29. See above, p. 151.

24. Terror-Economics

1. See S. G. Wheatcroft and R. W. Davies, ‘Agriculture’, pp. 120–1.

2. See M. Lewin, Russian Peasants and Soviet Power, pp. 344–77.

3. Pravda, 7 November 1929.

4. See M. Lewin, Russian Peasants and Soviet Power, pp. 465–77.

5. Pravda, 29 November 1929.

6. See A. Luukkanen, The Religious Policy of the Stalinist State, p. 57.

7. Lubyanka. Stalin i VChK–GPU–OGPU–NKVD. Yanvar’ 1922–dekabr’ 1936, pp. 269–72.

8. See Lewin, Russian Peasants and Soviet Power, pp. 482–509.

9. See G. A. Krasil’nikov, ‘Rozhdenie Gulaga: diskussii v verkhnikh eshelonakh vlasti’, Istoricheskii arkhiv, no. 4 (1989), p. 143.

10. Akademicheskoe delo 1929–1931 gg., vol. 1, Delo po obvineniyu akademika S. F. Platonova, p. xlviii.

11. Pis’ma I. V. Stalina V. M. Molotovu, p. 224.

12. See I. Getzler, Nikolai Sukhanov, pp. 143–87.

13. B. Nahaylo and V. Swoboda, The Soviet Disunion: A History of the Nationalities Problem in the USSR.

14. D. Pospielovsky, The Russian Orthodox Church under the Soviet Regime, vol. 1, p. 175. See also D. Peris, Storming the Heavens: the Soviet League of the Militant Atheists; A. Luukkanen, The Religious Policy of the Stalinist State.