(62) Leviathan,
ch. 13, p. 89.(63) Leviathan,
ch. 14, p. 91.(64) Leviathan,
chs. 14, 21, pp. 93, 151.(65) Leviathan,
ch. 14, p. 92.(66) Leviathan,
chs. 21, 28, pp. 151-52, 214.(67) Wolin, p. 281–85; Michael Walzer, Obligations: Essays on Disobedience, War, and Citizenship
(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1970), pp. 80–87.(68) Единственным преступлением, требующим авторитарного, безусловного наказания, является измена. Leviathan,
chs. 26, 27, 28, pp. 187, 190, 209, 214–16, 219.(69) Leviathan,
ch. 28, p. 215.(70) Leviathan,
ch. 28, p. 215.(71) De Cive,
2.19, p. 131.(72) De Cive,
6.13, p. 183.(73) Leviathan,
ch. 13, p. 89.(74) Leviathan,
ch. II, p. 71.(75) Leviathan,
ch. 46, p. 459.(76) Я заимствую понятия «партия движения» и «партия порядка» у историка Арно Майера, получившего их от Джона Стюарта Милля и гарвардского президента Лоуренса Лоуэлла. См.: Arno J. Mayer, Political Origins of the New Diplomacy
(New York: Vintage, 1970, 1959), p. 4. См. также: Noberto Bobbio, Left and Right: The Signifi cance of a Polit ical Distinction / trans. Allan Cameron (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996).(77) Maximilien Robespierre, Report on the Principles of Political Morality,
в изд.: The Old Regime and the French Revolution / ed. Keith Michael Baker (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987), p. 375.(78) Todorov, pp. 3-70. См. также замечания (в другом русле) Алана Райана о Р. Г. Тауни в его «Социализме для девяностых», Dissent (Fall 1990), p. 440.
(79) Великолепные анализы контрреволюционной теории и практики представлены в кн.: Isaiah Berlin, Joseph de Maistre and the Origins of Fascism,
в изд. The Crooked Timber of Humanity: Chapters in the History of Ideas / ed. Henry Hardy (New York: Vintage, 1992), pp. 91-174; Fritz Stern, The Politics of Cultural Despair: A Study in the Rise of Germanic Ideology (Garden City, N. Y: Anchor Books, 1961); Arno Mayer, The Furies: Violence and Terror in the French and Russian Revolutions (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000); Greg Grandin, The Last Colonial Massacre: Latin America in the Cold War (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004); Tina Rosenberg, Children of Cain: Violence and the Violent in Latin America (New York: Penguin, 1991), pp. 77-142, 331-87.(80) Rosenberg, Children of Cain,
p. 13.(81) Aubrey, Brief Lives,
p. 236; Martinich, p. 91; G. A. J. Rogers, Hobbes’s Hidden Influence, в изд.: Perspectives on Thomas Hobbes / ed. G. A. J. Rogers and Alan Ryan (Oxford: Clarendon, 1988), pp. 196-97; Skinner, Reason and Rhetoric, p. 225; Leviathan, ch. 46, pp. 471-72. См. также: Tuck, Hobbes, pp. 13–16; Watkins, pp. 28–41; Strauss, The Political Philosophy of Hobbes, pp. 151-52.(82) Bertolt Brecht, Galileo
(New York: Grove Press, 1966), pp. 99, 110.(83) Brecht, pp. 122-24.
(84) Brecht, pp. 61–64.
(85) Brecht, p. 123.
2. Террор
*(1) Thomas Hobbes, Behemoth, or the Long Parliament / ed.
Ferdinand T"onnies (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990), p. V.(2) Pierre Goubert, Louis XIV and Twenty Million Frenchmen /
trans. Anne Carter (New York: Vintage, 1966, 1970), pp. 57, 63–70, 87–89, 92–97; Alfred Cobban, A History of Modern France. Volume One: The Old Regime and the French Revolution, 1715–1799, 3rd ed. (New York: Penguin. 1963), pp. 9, 11–12; Montesquieu, The Persian Letters / trans, and ed. Robert Loy (New York: Meridian, 1961), letter 37, p. 95.