Untitled

Джонатан Леви, Freaks of Fortune: The Emerging World of Capitalism and Risk in America (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012), 126-36; White, 81-82.

38

Levy, 126-36; Robert E. Gallman, "Growth and Change," in The Cambridge Economic History of the United States, ed. Стэнли Л. Энгерман и Роберт Э. Галлман (Кембридж: Издательство Кембриджского университета, 1996), 39-45.

39

Уильям Дин Хоуэллс, Годы моей юности и три эссе (Блумингтон: Издательство Университета Индианы, 1975), 125-26.

40

Леви, 139-44; Уайт, 83.

41

London Times, 3 февраля 1876 г., Newspaper Cutting Files, v. 6: 88, р. 221; White, 83-84.

42

Уайт, 85.

43

Уайт, 82-85.

44

White, 82-87; Samuel Rezneck, "Distress, Relief, and Discontent in the United States During the Depression of 1873-78," Journal of Political Economy 58, no. 6 (1950): 495; Nicolas Barreyre, "The Politics of Economic Crises: The Panic of 1873, the End of Reconstruction, and the Realignment of American Politics," Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 10, no. 4 (2011): 408; Joseph Davis, "An Annual Index of U.S. Industrial Production: 1790-1915," Quarterly Journal of Economics 119, no. 4 (2004), особенно 1203; Arthur Twining Hadley, Railroad Transportation Its History and Its Laws (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1886), 70-71.

45

Unger, 226-28; Economic Cycle Dating Committee of NBER, "Business Cycle Expansions and Contractions." NBER, http://www.nber.org/cycles.html; Davis; Rosanne Currarino, The Labor Question in America: Economic Democracy in the Gilded Age (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2011), 88-89; White, 82-83; Rezneck, 495-96; Alexander Keyssar, Out of Work: The First Century of Unemployment in Massachusetts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986), 4-8; Barreyre, 407-8.

46

Кейссар, 1-8, 11-14, 17-18.

47

Там же, 1-2, 14-16.

48

Там же, 1-8, 15-16, 5°.

49

Там же, 37, 5°-52, 62-69.

50

Стефан Тернстром, Бедность и прогресс: Social Mobility in a Nineteenth Century City (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1964), 136; Keyssar, 143.

51

Кейссар, 143-66.

52

Thernstrom, 85-104; Todd DePastino, Citizen Hobo: How a Century of Homelessness Shaped America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003), 5, 15-17.

53

DePastino, 5, 15-17; Rezneck, 495-96; A. J. Millard, Edison and the Business of Innovation (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990), 31.

54

Кеннет Л. Кусмер, Down and Out, on the Road: The Homeless in American History (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002), 37-39; DePastino, 17-29; "The Tramp and Strike Question: Часть лекции, предложенной (но так и не прочитанной)", в Walt Whitman, Complete Prose Works (Philadelphia: David McKay, 1897), 330.

55

Kusmer, 40-45, 49-52; Frank Tobias Higbie, Indispensable Outcasts: Hobo Workers and Community in the American Midwest, 1880-1930 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2003), 1-10, 25-26; Keyssar, 130-42.

56

Higbie, 1-10, 25-26; DePastino, 19-23; Keyssar, 130-42; Louise Carroll Wade, Chicago's Pride: The Stockyards, Packingtown, and Environs in the Nineteenth Century (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987), 115; Robert A. Margo, "Wages and Wage Inequality," in Historical Statistics of the United States, Earliest Times to the Present: Millennial Edition, 2-44.

57

Джереми Атак, Новый экономический взгляд на американскую историю: От колониальных времен до 1940 года, ред. Peter Passell and Susan Lee, 2nd ed. (New York: Norton, 1994), 14-18.

58

"Реальный ВВП США на душу населения в 1870-2001 годах", blogspot.com, http://socialdemocracy 21stcentury.blogspot.com/2012/09/us-real-per-capita-gdp-from-18702001.html; Angus Maddison, ed., The World Economy (Paris: Центр развития Организации экономического сотрудничества и развития, 2006), 187, Приложение A, таблица 1-e.

59

Саммерс, Эпоха хороших краж, 92-98, 184-91.

60

Баррейр, 409; Куррарино, 17-18, 20.

61

Баррейр, 403-23.

62

Unger, 235-44; Barreyre, 414-15; Michael F. Holt, By One Vote: The Disputed Presidential Election of 1876 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2008), 16-17.

63

Barreyre, 415ff.; Holt, 16; Unger, 240-44.

64

Barreyre, 415ft.; Unger, 240-44.

65

Holt, 16; Peter Argersinger, "The Transformation of American Politics: Political Institutions and Public Policy, 1865-1910," in Contesting Democracy: Substance and Structure in American Political History, 1775-2000, ed. Byron E. Shafer and Anthony J. Badger (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2001), 121-24, 126-27; Gretchen Ritter, Goldbugs and Greenbacks: The Antimonopoly Tradition and the Politics of Finance in America (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 129-35, цитаты 32.

66

Генри Джордж, "Речь, произнесенная в Сан-Франциско во время президентских выборов 1876 года", в Henry George Papers (New York: New York Public Library, n.d.), 66-67.

67