В интернете кто-то неправ! Научные исследования спорных вопросов

9 Bourque G. Reconstructing the genomic architecture of ancestral mammals: lessons from human, mouse, and rat genomes // Genome Research, 2004 Apr., Vol. 14(4), 507–516.

10 Lee M. et al. Rates of phenotypic and genomic evolution during the cambrian explosion // Current Biology, Oct. 2013, Vol. 23, Issue 19, 1889–1895.

11 Erwin D. et al. The Cambrian conundrum: Early divergence and later ecological success in the early history of animals // Science, Nov. 2011, Vol. 334(6059), 1091–1097.

12 Jackson D. et al. Sponge paleogenomics reveals an ancient role for carbonic anhydrase in skeletogenesis // Science, June 2007, Vol. 316, No. 5833, 1893–1895.

13 Patterson N. et al. Genetic evidence for complex specia-tion of humans and chimpanzees // Nature, June 2006, Vol. 441, 1103–1108.

14 Suwa G. et al. A new species of great ape from the late Miocene epoch in Ethiopia // Nature, Aug. 2007, Vo l. 448, 921–924.

15 Prufer K. et al. The complete genome sequence of a Neanderthal from the Altai Mountains // Nature, Jan. 2014, Vol. 505(7481), 43–49.

16 Fu Q. et al. An early modern human from Romania with a recent Neanderthal ancestor // Nature, Aug. 2015, Vol. 524(7564), 216–219.

17 Coates M. Visual ecology and functional morphology of Cubozoa (Cnidaria) // Integrative and Comparative Biology, 2003, Vol. 43(4), 542–548.

18 Gavelis G. et al. Eye-like ocelloids are built from different endosymbiotically acquired components // Nature, July 2015, Vol. 523, 204–207.

19 Serb J. and Eernisse D. Charting evolution’s trajectory: using molluscan eye diversity to understand parallel and convergent evolution // Evolution: Education and Outreach, Oct. 2008, Vol. 1, Issue 4, 439–447.

20 Dial K. et al. What Use is half a wing in the ecology and evolution of birds? // BioScience, May 2006, 56 (5), 437–445.

21 Sumida S. and Brochu C. Phylogenetic context for the origin of feathers // Amer. Zool., Aug. 2000, Vol. 40(4), 486–503.

22 Dimond C. et al. Feathers, dinosaurs, and behavioral cues: defning the visual display hypothesis for the adaptive function of feathers in non-avian theropods // BIOS, Sep. 2011, Vol. 82(3), 58–63.

23 Thorpe et al. Origin of human bipedalism as an adaptation for locomotion on fexible branches // Science, June 2007, Vol. 316, No. 5829, 1328–1331.

24 Blount Z. et al. Historical contingency and the evolution of a key innovation in an experimental population of Escherichia coli // PNAS, June 2008, Vol. 105(23), 7899–7906.

25 Lucas J. et al. The evolution of fungicide resistance // Advances in Applied Microbiology, 2015, Vol. 90, 29–92.

26 Gilbert J. and Manica A. The evolution of parental care in insects: A test of current hypotheses // Evolution, May 2015, Vol. 69(5), 1255–1270.

27 Breggin P. The biological evolution of guilt, shame and anxiety: A new theory of negative legacy emotions // Medical Hypotheses, July 2015, Vol. 85(1), 17–24.

28 Список ученых, подписавших письмо, которое как бы поддерживает концепцию разумного замысла: http://www.dissentfromdarwin.org/

29 Оценка числа ученых в США: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/ infbrief/nsf02325/

30 Проект Стива: http://ncse.com/taking-action/project-steve

Глава 7. “Пора запретить опыты над животными!”

1 National center for education statistics – ценнейший кладезь данных о любых аспектах американского образования. Данные о биологах – по ссылке http://nces. ed.gov/programs/digest/d14/tables/dt14_325.22.asp

2 U. S. Congress, Offce of Technology Assessment. Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing, and Education. Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Offce, OTA-BA-273, February 1986. Документ доступен по ссылке: http://govin-fo.library.unt.edu/ota/Ota_3/DATA/1986/8601.PDF

3 Taylor K. et al. Estimates for worldwide laboratory animal use in 2005 // Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 2008 July, Vol. 36(3), 327–342.

4 График, наглядно демонстрирующий снижение числа экспериментальных животных в последние годы, доступен по ссылке: http://speakingofresearch.com/facts/statistics/, а данные, на которых он основан, собраны Службой по контролю здоровья животных и растений при Министерстве сельского хозяйства США: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ wps/portal/aphis/ourfocus/animalwelfare/ (вкладка Research Facility Annual Reports).

5 Число забитых в 2014 году животных по данным Министерства сельского хозяйства США: по первой ссылке птицы, по второй млекопитающие. http://www.nass. usda.gov/Publications/Todays_Reports/reports/pslaan15.pdf, http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/Todays_Reports/re-ports/ lstk0415.pdf