Volume IX: The Age of Voltaire

12. Sitwell, German Baroque Art, 37; cf. Baedeker, Austria, 46.

13. Barockmuseum, Vienna.

14.Ibid.

15. Montagu, Lady M., I, 238.

16. Burney, C., II, 942.

17. Garnett, R., History of Italian Literature, 315.

18. Frederick, Mémoires, I, 14.

19.Enc. Brit., X, 274b.

20. Coxe, Wm., History of the House of Austria, III, 241.

21. Ibid., 242.

22.New Camb. Mod. History, VII, 407.

23. Monroe, Paul, History of Education, 435.

24. Macaulay, Essays, II, 121; Acton, Lectures on Modern History, 288.

25.Camb. Mod. History, VI, 210.

26. Ibid., 213.

27. 214.

28. Carlyle, Friedrich, I, 335.

29. Wilhelmine, Margravine, Memoirs, 31, 34, 52, 204.

30. Ibid., 13, 63.

31. Carlyle, I, 377.

32. Wilhelmine, 91.

33. Ibid., 84, 91.

34. Carlyle, II, 95.

35.Camb. Mod. History, VI, 212.

36. Wilhelmine, 109.

37. Ibid., 164.

38. Carlyle, II, 327.

39. Ibid., 339.

40. 349.

41. Wilhelmine, 230.

42. Carlyle, III, 64–66.

43. Ibid., 66–68.

44. Voltaire-Frederick Letters, Nov. 4, 1736.

45. Apr. 7, 1737.

46. Jan. 20, 1737.

47. Frederick to Voltaire, Nov. 4, 1736, Feb. 8, 1737.

48. Dec. 3, 1736.

49. Dec. 25, 1737.

50. June, 1738.

51. Dec. 25, 1737.

52. Mar. 28, 1738.

53. Carlyle, III, 98.

54. Parron, I, 240.

55. Frederick, quoted in Villari, P., Life and Times of Niccolò Machiavelli, II, 201.

56. In Francke, History of German Literature, 230.

57. Carlyle, III, 142.

58. Valori in Ausubel, 435.

59. Frederick to Voltaire, June 6, 1740.

60. June 27, 1740.

61. Lea, H. C., Superstition and Force, 575.

62. Carlyle, III, 161.

63. Ibid., 163.

64. Smith, P., History of Modern Culture, II, 571.

65. Carlyle, III, 175.

66. Goldsmith, O., Miscellaneous Works, 427.

67. Carlyle, III, 233.

68. Ibid.; Desnoiresterres, II, 290.

69. Voltaire-Frederick Letters, 143.

70. Fleury to Voltaire, Nov. 14, 1740, in Parton, I, 438.

71.Ibid.

72. Carlyle, III, 278.

73. Ausubel, 443.

74. Lützow, Count von, Bohemia, 317.

75. Frederick, Mémoires, I, 94.

76. Ibid., 103.

77. Coxe, House of Austria, III, 270; Macaulay, Essays, II, 126.

78. Enc. Brit., XIV, 88Id.

79. Carlyle, IV, 70.

80. Coxe, III, 309.

81. Carlyle, V, 36.

82. Voltaire to Frederick, March, 1742, in Voltaire-Frederick Letters, 159.

83. Frederick to Voltaire, Feb. 12, 1742.

84. Frederick, Mémoires, I, 5.

85. Enc. Brit., IX, 718c.

86. In Robertson, J. M., Short History of Freethought, II, 313.

87. Carlyle, V, 201.

88. Ibid., III, 260.

89. Carlyle, V, 197, hotly repudiates any sodomitic implications.

90. Enc. Brit., IX, 718c.

91. Carlyle, V, 65.

92. Ibid., VII, 462; Mowat, Age of Reason, 101.

93. Letter of Aug. 31, 1750, in Parton, I, 611.

94. Desnoiresterres, IV, 108.

95. Taine, Ancient Regime, 28m.

96. Voltaire, Works, XXIa, 221.

97. Parton, I, 610.

98.Ibid.

99. Carlyle, V, 137.

100. Ibid., 146.

101. Gay, Voltaire’s Politics, 154.

102. Voltaire, XXIa, 213.

103. Lanson, Voltaire, 112–13.

104. Parton, I, 340.

105. Chesterfield, letter of Apr. 13, 1752.

106. Parton, II, 59.

107. Ibid., 59–60; Desnoiresterres, IV, 196.

108. Morley, Life of Voltaire, 184.

109. Carlyle, V, 182.

110. Ibid., 180.

111. 209.

112. 213.

113. 214; Strachey, Books and Characters, 191.

114. Voltaire, XIXa, 184f.

115.Ibid.

116. Parton, II, 126.

117. Ibid., 103.

118. Carlyle, V, 223.

119. Parton, II, 108.

120. Ibid., 138.

121. Voltaire, Lettres d’Alsace, 135–36 (Dec. 14, 1753).

122. Parton, II, 167–69.

123. Montesquieu, letter of Sept. 28, 1753, in Lanfrey, L’Église et les philosophes, 162.

124.Philosophical Dictionary, article “Quakers.

125. Bertrand, J., D’Alembert, 91.

CHAPTER XIV

 

1. Letter of May 27, 1756, in Chaponnière, Voltaire chez les Calvinistes, 18.

2. Épinay, Mme. d’, Memoirs and Correspondence, III, 178.

3. Marmontel, Memoirs, I, 317.

4. Morley, Life of Voltaire, 200.

5. Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson, 87.

6. Oechsli, W., History of Switzerland, 260.

7. Ibid., 272.

8. In Herold, The Swiss without Halos, 161.

9. Oechsli, 264.

10. Coxe, Travels in Switzerland, II, 225.

11. Ibid., 179.

12. Oechsli, 265.

13. Coxe, Travels, I, 304.

14. Oechsli, 243.

15. Ibid., 245.

16. Coxe, II, 262.

17. Casanova, Memoirs, I, 392, 407.

18. Coxe, II, 292.

19.Ibid.

20. Francke, History of German Literature, 220.