Англо-русский учебный словарь

A number of explanatory notes on grammar and construction are provided in square brackets; or the student's attention may be drawn to an unexpected usage with an NB in square brackets.

Knowledge of the aspects of Russian verbs is of such fundamental importance that, even at the cost of much repetition, aspects are noted in all verb entries.

Inflexion and changes of stress are shown for numerals and pronouns which are one-time entries. Otherwise these are not shown, as a Russian word may recur in many entries and repetition of the information under each entry or cross-referencing would alike be uneconomic.

STYLISTIC AND FIELD LABELS

Stylistic and field labels are given in italics without brackets, thus: joc—jocular, fig—figurative, CQ—colloquial. Field labels begin with a capital letter, thus: Bot—botany, etc. The indication is given immediately after the headword if it applies to the whole entry, otherwise just in front of the appropriate part of the entry. Specifically British, American or Russian uses are marked (UK), (US) or (SU) respectively.

INDICATORS OF MEANING

Indicators of meaning are given in italics and round brackets where necessary, to show in which sense an English word or phrase is being used, or which sense of the headword a division covers. E.g. affect vt 1 (influence)...

(move)...

(pretend)...

Indicators are also used to differentiate between shades of meaning where more than one Russian translation is offered, e.g. deliberately adv (on purpose) нарочно, преднамеренно; (slowly) неспешно; (cautiously) осторожно.

Translations which are synonyms or "near synonyms" are divided by a comma; if they differ more widely by a semicolon. However, true synonyms are very rare, and every effort has been made to differentiate shades of meaning of Russian words, not only by indicators, but also by examples. Where one or more of the "near synonyms" may be used in an example as alternatives, these are shown.

NOTES FOR USERS

ORDER OF THE ENTRIES

Strictly alphabetical order is followed. Grammatical homonyms of words related in meaning are distinguished by their grammatical labels, and are treated as separate headwords in the following sequence: noun, adjective, adverb, preposition, verb, thus: round n round adj round* adv round prep round vti

Homonyms of different meaning are distinguished by superior numbers and treated in the same sequence, in the order of their Superior numbers, thus: fasti _n R_ei fast¹ vi

fast² adj (firm) fast² adv fast³' adj (quick) fast³ adv

PRONUNCIATION