Augustus

When quoting from Roman poets, I have used the following translations: James Michie’s Odes of Horace (Penguin Books, 1964: copyright David Higham Associates); Niall Rudd’s Satires and Epistles of Horace (Penguin Books, 1979); Peter Green’s versions of Ovid, Erotic Poems (Penguin Books, 1964) and Poems of Exile (Penguin Books, 1994: copyright David Higham Associates); Cecil Day Lewis’s Aeneid by Virgil (Oxford University Press, 1952); and E. V. Rieu’s Eclogues by Virgil (Penguin Books, 1949). I have used John Carter’s translations of Appian, The Civil Wars, and Cassius Dio, The Age of Augustus (Penguin Books, 1996 and 1987); D. R. Shackleton Bailey’s translation of Cicero’s letters (Penguin Books, 1978); Aubrey de Sélincourt’s Livy: The Early History of Rome; Propertius’ The Poems, translated by W. G. Shepherd (Penguin Books, 1985: copyright University of Oklahoma Press); Ian Scott-Kilvert’s selection from Plutarch, Makers of Rome (Penguin Books, 1965); Rex Warner’s selection from Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic (Penguin Books, 1958); Robert Graves’s version of Suetonius, revised by Michael Grant, The Twelve Caesars (Penguin Books, 1979); and Michael Grant’s translation of Tacitus’ Annals, On Imperial Rome (Penguin Books, 1956). On occasion and for other prose authors I have either depended on the Loeb Classical Library or translated passages myself. The quotation from “Alexandrian Kings” can be found in C. P. Cavafy’s Collected Poems, translated by Edmund Keeley and Philip Sherrard (The Hogarth Press, 1975).

The battle maps follow Johannes Kromayer and Georg Veith, Heerwesen und Kriegführung der Griechen und Römer, Munich, 1928.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

ANTHONY EVERITT’s fascination with ancient Rome began when he studied classics in school and has persisted ever since. He read English literature at Cambridge University and served four years as secretary general of the Arts Council for Great Britain. A visiting professor of arts and cultural policy at Nottingham Trent University and City University, Everitt has written extensively on European culture and development, and has contributed to The Guardian and Financial Times since 1994. Cicero, his first biography, was chosen by both Allan Massie and Andrew Roberts as the best book of the year in the United Kingdom and was a national bestseller in the United States. Anthony Everitt lives near Colchester, England’s first recorded town, founded by the Romans, and is working on histories of ancient Rome and Greece for teenagers.

ALSO BY ANTHONY EVERITT

Cicero: The Life and Times of Rome’s Greatest Politician

Copyright © 2006 by Anthony Everitt

All rights reserved.

Published in the United States by Random House, an imprint of The Random House Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York.

RANDOM HOUSE and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.

Published in the United Kingdom by John Murray Publishers, Ltd. as The First Emperor: Caesar Augustus and the Triumph of Rome in slightly different form.

Photo credits can be found in the Acknowledgments section.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Everitt, Anthony.

Augustus: the life of Rome’s first emperor/Anthony Everitt.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references.

1. Augustus, Emperor of Rome, 63 B.C.–14 A.D.

2. Rome—History—Augustus, 30 B.C.–14 A.D.

3. Emperors—Rome—Biography. I. Title.

DG279.E94 2006

937'.07092—dc22

[B] 2006041735

www.atrandom.com

eISBN: 978-1-58836-555-2

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