Berlin

"stink of civilization": Quoted in Otto Pflanze, Bismarck and the Development of Germany. Volume II, The Period of Consolidation 1871–1880 (Princeton, 1990), 35.

"charming though you are": Ibid., 289.

"industrially and politically": Quoted in Walter Nelson, The Berliners. Their Saga and Their City (New York, 1969), 79.

"travel to meetings": Quoted in Bernd Sösemann, "Exerzierfeld und Labor deutscher Geschichte. Berlin im Wandel der deutschen und europäischen Politik zwischen 1848 und 1933," in Werner SüB and Ralf Rytlewski, eds., Berlin. Die Hauptstadt. Vergangenheit und Zukunft einer europäischen Metropole (Berlin, 1999), 107.

"other part of his body": Quoted in Glatzer, Berlin wird Kaiserstadt, 54.

"unhoused guests": Pommerin, Von Berlin nach Bonn, 7.

on the Wilhelmplatz: For a discussion of government buildings on the Wilhelmstrasse, see Laurenz Demps, Berlin-Wilhelmstrasse. Eine Topographie preussisch-deutscher Macht (Berlin, 1994), 125–164.

"never managing to be": Karl Scheffler, Berlin—Ein Stadtschicksal (Berlin, 1910), 219.

Brandenburg, East Prussia, and Silesia: Hans O. Modrow, Berlin 1900 (Berlin, 1936), 106; Paul Goldschmidt, Berlin in Geschichte und Gegenwart (Berlin, 1910), 383–384. See also Hsi-huey Liang, "Lower-Class Immigrants in Wilhelmine Berlin," Central European History 3 (March–June, 1970), 94–111.

irreverence and caustic wit: Paul Mendes-Flohr, "The Berlin Jew as Cosmopolitan," in Emily D. Bilski, ed., Berlin Metropolis: Jews and the New Culture, 1890–1918. Exhibition Catalog (Berkeley, 1999), 15–31; Peter Gay, "Encounter with Modernism. German Jews in Wilhelmian Culture," in Peter Gay, Freud, Jews and Other Germans (New York, 1978), 93–164.

"Berlin-Jewish symbiosis": See especially Peter Gay, "The Berlin-Jewish Spirit. A Dogma and Some Doubts," in Gay, Freud, Jews, 169–188. See also W. Michael Blumenthal, The Invisible Wall (Washington, D.C., 1998).

were not modernists: See Gay, "The Berlin-Jewish Spirit"; and Peter Paret, "Modernism and the ‘Alien Element’ in German Art," in Bilski, ed., Berlin Metropolis, 34.

limits on height: On the attempts to control Berlin’s growth in the 1860s, see Brian Ladd, Urban Planning and Civic Order in Germany (Cambridge, Mass., 1990), 80–83.

east of the old city: The classic study on the Mietskasernen is Werner Hegemann, Das steinerne Berlin (Berlin, 1930). See also Albert Stidekum, Grossstädtisches Wohnungselend (Berlin, 1908); and the photographic volume, Gesine Asmus, ed., Hinterhof Keller und Mansarde: Einblicke in Berliner Wohnungselend 1901–1920 (Reinbek bei Hamburg, 1982).

"every nook and cranny": Quoted in Gisela Heller, Unterwegs mit Fontane in Berlin und der Mark Brandenburg (Berlin, 1993), 31.

"mind and will"; "boxes for habitation": Glatzer, Berlin wird Kaiserstadt, 76, 80.

"the civilized world": Peter de Mendelssohn, Zeitungsstadt Berlin (Berlin, 1959), 69.

"a Judas goat"; "the market woman": Quoted in Gordon A. Craig, Germany 1866–1945 (New York, 1978), 81.

in exclusively Christian hands: Blumenthal, Invisible Wall, 217–218.

"continually increasing influence": Henry Vizetelly, Berlin under the New Empire, 2 vols. (New York, 1968), I, 63.

"Lucullan feasts": Blumenthal, Invisible Wall, 221.

"a respectable prince"; "among plutocratic parvenus": Stern, Gold and Iron, 281, 165.

comings and goings: On Strousberg, see ibid., 358–366; Blumenthal, Invisible Wall, 221–224.

"air of the new": Quoted in Demps, Berlin-Wilhelmstrasse, 143.

"without a lover": Georg Brandes, Berlin als deutsche Reichshauptstadt. Erinnerungen aus den Jahren 1877–1883 (Berlin, 1989), 11.

"frightfully small-townish": Quoted in Pierre-Paul Sagave, 1871. Berlin-Paris. Reichshauptstadt und Hauptstadt der Welt (Frankfurt, 1971), 27–28.

"pitiful hovels"; "assaulted the senses": Kastan quoted in Glatzer, Berlin wird Kaiserstadtt, 34.

"plumage of a peacock"; "Paris, or London": Tissot quoted in ibid., 35–36.