Catherine the Great & Potemkin: The Imperial Love Affair

The Empress was wounded and angry but never vindictive. As late as 10 October 1779, she still wrote kindly to Korsakov: ‘I’m repeating my request to calm yourself and to encourage you. Last week, I demonstrated that I’m taking care of you…’. Despite munificent presents, Korsakov lingered in Petersburg and even boasted of his sexual antics with the Empress in the salons in the most degrading way. Word of it must have reached the protective Potemkin, who loved Catherine too much not to do something about it. When she was discussing whether to reward her next favourite, Serenissimus suggested there should be limits to her generous treatment of Korsakov and the others. Once again, he hurt Catherine’s pride. Her generosity was partly a shield to conceal the depth of her own emotional wounds – and partly an effort to compensate for her age and their youth. According to Corberon, the two argued but later made up.

Korsakov was not finished. He had the effrontery not just to cuckold the Empress but also to cuckold the cuckoldress, Countess Bruce, by beginning an adulterous affair with a Court beauty, Countess Ekaterina Stroganova, who left her husband and child for him. This was too much even for Catherine. The ingrate was despatched to Moscow. An era of Catherine’s private life ended when Countess Bruce, now in disgrace, left the capital to pursue the ‘King of Epirus’ to Moscow. He no longer wanted her and she returned to her husband, Count Yakov Bruce.³⁰ The Court cheerfully plunged into the amorous guessing game that was just as popular as whist and faro.

—

The bruised Catherine enjoyed an unusual six months without being in love with anyone. It was at times of unhappiness like this, commented Harris, that Potemkin became even more powerful: did he return to Catherine’s bed to comfort his friend?

It is most likely they temporarily resumed their old habits as they were to do throughout their lives: this is suggested in her letters to Potemkin, which joke about the delicious effects of the ‘chemical medicines of Cagliostro’. The notorious charlatan, Count Cagliostro, rose to European fame in 1777 and became fashionable in Mittau, the Courland capital, before coming to Petersburg at precisely this time.^*2 Catherine raved about ‘Cagliostro’s chemical medicine which is so soft, so agreeable, so handy that it embalms and gives elasticity to the mind and senses – enough, enough, basta, basta, caro amico, I mustn’t bore you too much…’.³¹ This tonic is either a jocular reference to some mystical balm sold by that necromancing snake-oil salesman – or one of Potemkin’s sexual specialities. Since Catherine had little patience for Cagliostro’s alchemy, Freemasonry and marketing of eternal life, but a proven tolerance for Potemkin’s love-making, one can guess which it was.

Meanwhile the courtiers manoeuvred to find the Empress a new favourite. This time there were several candidates, including a certain Staniov, afterwards lost to history, then Roman Vorontsov’s natural son, Ivan Rontsov, who, a year later, emerged in London as the rabble-rousing leader of a Cockney mob in the Gordon Riots. Finally, in the spring of 1780, she found the companion she deserved, a young man named Alexander Dmitrievich Lanskoy.

—

Aged only twenty to Catherine’s fifty-one, this ‘very handsome young man’, according to an English visitor, was the gentlest, sweetest and least ambitious of Catherine’s favourites. Sasha Lanskoy ‘of course was not of good character’, said the fast-rising Bezborodko, Catherine’s secretary, but, compared to those who came later, ‘he was a veritable angel’. Bezborodko, who saw everything in Catherine’s office, had reason to know. Though Lanskoy did become embroiled in at least one intrigue against Serenissimus, he was also the favourite who was happiest to join the broader Catherine–Potemkin family.³²

Lanskoy, another Horse-Guardsmen, had been one of Potemkin’s aides-decamp for a few months, which is probably how Catherine noticed him. Yet, according to Harris, who was seeing Potemkin on a daily basis at this time, he was not his first choice. The Prince was persuaded to acquiesce only by imperial gifts of land and money on his birthday that Harris claims came to 900,000 roubles, a sum that beggars avarice. Whether Potemkin did have another candidate, he was eminently flexible in all matters of the boudoir: he supported Lanskoy.