Эффект негативности. Как способность замечать плохое трансформирует нашу реальность

232 белые медведи вымирают: S. J. Crockford, State of the Polar Bear Report 2018 (London: Global Warming Policy Foundation, 2018), https://www.thegwpf.org/content/uploads/2018/02/Polarbears2017.pdf; M. Ridley, «The Polar Bear Problem,» The Rational Optimist, August 11, 2011, http://www.rationaloptimist.com/blog/the-polar-bear-problem/; and J. Tierney, «The Good News Bears,» New York Times, August 6, 2005, https://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/06/opinion/the-good-news-bears.html.

232 Закон Патти: J. Bleyer, «Patty Wetterling Questions Sex Offender Laws,» City Pages, March 20, 2013, http://www.citypages.com/news/patty-wetterling-questions-sex-offender-laws-6766534, and T. Frank, «If a Law Has a First Name, That’s a Bad Sign,» Los Angeles Times, September 19, 2016, http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-frank-named-laws-20160919-snap-story.html.

234 упражнение красной команды: M. Zenko, Red Team: How to Succeed by Thinking Like the Enemy (New York: Basic Books, 2015), and S. Koonin, «A ‘Red Team’ Exercise Would Strengthen Climate Science,» Wall Street Journal, April 20, 2017, https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-red-team-exercise-would-strengthen-climate-science-1492728579.

234 журнал Science: J. Simon, «Resources, Population, Environment: An Oversupply of False Bad News,» Science 208 (1980): 1431–37.

235 пришло время проверить прогнозы: J. Tierney, «Betting on the Planet,» New York Times Magazine, December 2, 1990, https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/02/magazine/betting-on-the-planet.html.

235 выигрыш в 2010: J. Tierney, «Economic Optimism? Yes, I’ll Take That Bet,» New York Times, December 27, 2010.

235 на «Long Bets»: Long Bets: The Arena for Accountable Predictions, longbets.org, and J. Tierney, «Can Humanity Survive? Want to Bet on It?» New York Times, January 30, 2007, https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/30/science/30tier.html.

235 Уорреном Баффеттом: A. Kabil, «How Warren Buffett Won His Multi-Million Dollar Long Bet,» Medium, February 17, 2018, https://medium.com/the-long-now-foundation/how-warren-buffett-won-his-multi-million-dollar-long-bet-3af05cf4a42d.

236 «заражение СМИ»: S. Towers, A. Gomez-Lievano, M. Khan, A. Mubayi, and C. Castillo-Chavez, «Contagion in Mass Killings and School Shootings,» PLoS ONE 10 (2015): e0117259, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117259.

236 пара организаций: Don’t Name Them, http://www.dontnamethem.org/, and No Notoriety, https://nonotoriety.com/.

237 Некоторые журналисты: B. Stelter, «‘No Notoriety’ Campaign to Not Name Mass Murderers Sees Progress,» CNN Business, October 2, 2015, https://money.cnn.com/2015/10/02/media/media-decisions-naming-showing-killers/index.html, and M. Follman, «How the Media Inspires Mass Shooters, and 7 Ways News Outlets Can Help Prevent Copycat Attacks,» Mother Jones, October 6, 2015, https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2015/10/media-inspires-mass-shooters-copycats/.

Глава 10: Будущее хорошего

241 способность человека запоминать: Plato, Plato’s Phaedrus: Complete & Unabridged Jowett Translation, trans. B. Jowett (Boston: Actonian Press, 2010), section 275, Kindle.

241 Оттоманская империя запрещала: M. M. Coşgel, T. J. Miceli, and J. Rubin, «Guns and Books: Legitimacy, Revolt and Technological Change,» University of Connecticut Department of Economics Working Paper Series 2009–12, March 2009, https://opencommons.uconn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1256&context=econ_wpapers, and E. B. Ekinci, «Myths and Reality About the Printing Press in the Ottoman Empire,» Daily Sabah, June 8, 2015, https://www.dailysabah.com/feature/2015/06/08/myths-and-reality-about-the-printing-press-in-the-ottoman-empire.

241 запрещали еретические книги: M. Lenard, «On the Origin, Development and Demise of the Index Librorum Prohibitorum,» Journal of Access Services 3 (2006): 51–63, https://doi.org/10.1300/J204v03n04_05.

241 Газеты обвиняли: V. Bell, «Don’t Touch That Dial!» Slate, February 15, 2010, https://slate.com/technology/2010/02/a-history-of-media-technology-scares-from-the-printing-press-to-facebook.html.

242 профессор «экологии СМИ»: N. Postman, Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology (New York: Knopf, 1992), and N. Postman, Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business (New York: Viking, 1985).

242 как Смог Данных: D. Shenk, Data Smog: Surviving the Information Glut (New York: HarperOne, 1997).

242 Жизнь после Телевидения: G. Gilder, Life After Television: The Coming Transformation of Media and American Life (New York: W. W. Norton, 1992).