God's War: A New History of the Crusades

Simon of Montfort, the Younger, earl of Leicester 726, 737, 758, 759, 760, 762, 768, 896

Simon of Trier, martyr 285

slavery 3, 227, 230, 237, 307, 328, 371, 404, 657, 719

Smyrna 837, 843

Solomon bar Simsom 105

Song of Roland 50–51, 250, 654–5

Soqman of Mardin 186

Spain 13, 52

Speyer 100, 101

assembly at (1146–7) 281, 286, 287–8

Standard, battle of the (1138) 250

Stephen, count of Blois 59, 74, 87, 93, 106, 114, 115, 116–18, 122, 124, 130, 136, 140, 141, 142, 147, 161, 163–4, 171, 173–4, 175

Stephen, count of Burgundy 171

Stephen, king of England 255, 300, 454

Stephen, St, king of Hungary 10

Stephen II, pope 5

Stephen of Cloyes, leader of Children’s Crusade 610

Stephen of Neublans 253

Stephen of Valence, visionary 143, 144, 146

Stettin 307, 678, 680

Suger, abbot of St Denis 249, 277, 291–2, 335

al-Sulami, Damascene scholar 125, 181, 272, 650

Suleiman I, the Magnificent 844, 872

Suleiman ibn Kutulmush, sultan of Rum 127

Sven Aggeson, chronicler 682

Sverre, king of Norway 382

Swantopelk, duke of Danzig 701, 702

Sweyn III, king of Denmark, 305, 680, 681

Sweyn Godwinson 252

Swordbrothers of Livonia, Order of 257, 686, 688, 691–3, 695, 701, 704, 756, 840

Sybil, queen of Jerusalem 209, 341, 354, 357–65, 407, 429

Sylvester I, pope 5

Sylvester II (Gerbert), pope 6

Symeon, patriarch of Jerusalem 78–9

Tafurs, the, alleged crusading cannibals 150

Tagliacozzo, battle of (1268) 898

taifa kings of al-Andalus 657–9, 661

Tancred of Lecce, prince of Antioch 15, 20, 82, 87, 94, 111, 112, 113, 119, 120, 124, 131–2, 135, 137, 139, 142, 149–50, 152, 153, 155–8, 178–9, 186–7, 190, 194, 195, 197, 201, 202, 203, 219, 220, 221, 230

Tancred of Lecce, king of Sicily 394, 424, 441–2, 451, 489

Tannenberg (Grünwald), battle of (1410) 710

Tarragona 56, 263, 650, 662, 664

Tarsus 82, 131–2, 328

Tatikios, Byzantine general 114, 121, 130, 139–40, 147

Tatoul the Armenian 132

Tell Danith, battle of (1115) 187, 191, 272

‘Templar of Tyre’, the, chronicler and secret agent 720, 822

Templars, the Order of the Knights of the Temple of Solomon 28, 169, 179, 217, 250, 252, 253–7, 277, 296, 298, 299, 326–7, 329, 331, 334, 349, 354, 355, 367, 371, 444, 449, 457, 639, 665, 667, 686, 719–20, 726, 727, 729, 732–3, 748, 750, 752, 754, 768, 778, 792, 798, 822

reputation of 407, 497

trial and suppression of 706, 838–43

Teutonic Knights, Teutonic Order of the Hospital of St Mary in Jerusalem 257, 430, 494, 639, 668, 687, 688, 696, 698–711, 726, 727, 748, 752, 754, 838

annexed Livonia 693–4, 701

conquest of Prussia 698–705

critics of 706, 709–10, 838–41, 842

Theobald, count of Blois 255

Theobald II, count of Champagne 276

Theobald III, count of Champagne 503, 504–5, 506–7, 510, 514, 516, 517, 760

Theobald IV, count of Champagne 586, 669–70, 756–7, 775

his crusade 1239–40, 719, 757, 759–61, 764–7, 768–9

Theodore Lascaris, ruler of Nicaea 555

Theodwin, cardinal of St Rufina 294

Thessalonica 116

Thiemo, archbishop of Salzburg 175

Thierry, count of Flanders 218, 255, 280, 287, 290, 294, 295, 299, 317, 328, 333–4, 341

Thierry of Nussa, prior of English Hospitallers 758

Thietmar, pilgrim 240, 404

Thomas Aquinas 34, 256, 894

Thomas of Aquino, count of Acerra 744, 754

Thomas Balocz, archbishop of Esztergom 881–2

Thomas Beauchamp, earl of Warwick 708, 832

Thomas Becket, archbishop of Canterbury 251, 356, 377, 396, 582, 624, 908

Thomas Malory, Morte d’Arthur 886

Thomas of Marle 87, 107, 248, 249

Thomas Walsingham, chronicler 833

Thomas of Woodstock, duke of Gloucester 709, 887

Thoros of Edessa 134, 202

Tiberias and the campaign of 1187 366–9, 372

Timur the Lame (Tamberlaine) 843–4, 847, 852, 856

Tinnis, Egyptian port 81, 630, 790

Tlaxcala, Mexico, crusade pageant at (1539) 672–3

Toledo 653, 659, 661

Tortosa (Spain) 316, 665

Tortosa (Syria) 175, 179, 196, 237, 405, 822

Tours 71, 74

Council of (1096) 74

towns 3, 42, 75, 77–8, 95, 101, 300, 309–10, 396, 412, 432, 608, 625, 704, 744, 878, 907–8

Travels of John Mandeville, The 887, 914–15

Trent, General Church Council at (from 1545) 873–4, 893

Tripoli (Lebanon) 152, 197, 223, 227, 403, 406, 732, 817

principality of 111, 190, 196–200, 212–40, 721

True/Holy Cross, the 35, 63, 70, 160, 217, 278, 371, 379, 384, 453, 455, 456, 468, 471, 557, 558, 610, 639, 657, 783, 879

Tughrul Beg, Seljuk sultan 126

Tughtegin, atabeg of Damascus 138, 192, 203, 204, 230

Tunis, and Louis IX’s second crusade 810–12

Turbessel (Tell-Bashir) 188–9, 225

Turcopoles 228, 356, 719

Turks 4, 11–13, 125, 126, 181, 213, 226–7, 320–21

leagues against 830, 836, 843, 845

Tutush, Seljuk ruler 127, 128, 129

Tyre 153, 179, 205, 206, 219–20, 223, 230, 237, 265–6, 372, 402–9, 413, 415, 454, 512, 515–16, 718, 726, 732, 822

Ubaldo, archbishop of Pisa, papal legate 402, 407, 429

Ulf of Lauvnes 382

Umar, caliph 51

Unur, ruler of Damascus 188, 198, 333, 334

Urban II, pope 7–8, 28, 31, 45, 47, 49–50, 54, 56, 107, 112, 118, 161, 172, 175, 243, 263, 480, 650, 655, 659, 662, 664, 907, 915

and First Crusade 7–8, 27, 44, 50, 57, 58–89, 92, 96, 106, 115, 119, 125, 148, 149, 152, 161, 164, 170, 245, 248, 258, 281, 296