Hitler. 1936-1945: Nemesis

Hitler, Alois (Aloys) (H’s father) 37, 80

Hitler, Klara (née Pölzl; H’s mother) 36, 37, 80

Hitler Youth 7, 51, 55, 56, 81–2, 142, 162, 704, 765, 790, 798, 808

Hoche, Dr Alfred 254

Hodges, General Courtney H. 760

Hoepner, Colonel-General Erich 359–60, 442, 455, 507, 510, 676–7, 681, 690, 692

Hofacker, Lieutenant-Colonel Cäsar von 733

Hoffmann, Heinrich 34, 36, 206, 210, 590

Hohenlychen clinic 782

Hohenlychen Red Cross hospital 633

Holland see Netherlands

Holocaust, the path to the 389

Holste, Lieutenant-General Rudolf 813, 814, 826

Holy Roman Empire 267

homosexuality 234

Höppner, SS-Sturmbannführer Rolf-Heinz 471, 475

‘Horst-Wessel-Lied’ anthem 6, 561

Horthy de Nagybánya, Nicklas 735–6

Horthy de Nagybánya, Admiral Nikolaus, regent of Hungary 366, 559, 581, 582, 584, 624, 626–8, 734, 735–6

Heß, Rudolf 837

Hoßbach, General Friedrich 32, 47, 49, 53, 54–5, 119, 758

Hoßbach meeting (1937) 49, 50, 64, 66, 87, 88, 191, 228, 343

Hotel Dreesen, Bad Godesberg 113, 114–15

Hotel Imperial, Vienna 81

Hotel Vier Jahreszeiten, Munich 138–9

Hotel Weinzinger, Linz 79–80

Hoth, Colonel-General Hermann 465–6, 543–4, 545

House of Commons, London 265–6

Hradcany Castle, Prague 518

Hradschin Castle, Prague 171–2

Hube, General Hans Valentin 629, 632, 633

Huber, Kurt 552

Hugenberg, Alfred 814

Humber estuary 598

Hungarian army 538, 549–50

Hungary 194, 624, 631, 719, 739, 756, 782, 803; Arrow Cross 734, 735, 736; changes sides 734; criminality and the black market 582; German occupation 625, 626–8; German troops leave 791; Jews 624, 628, 736; joins the Tripartite Pact 361; Nicklas Horthy kidnapped 735; oil-fields 757, 772, 788; revisionism 95, 157; and Ruthenia 157–8, 165, 166, 167; unstable alliance with Germany 734

I

I G Farben 11, 18, 20, 22, 132

Ibiza 43

incurably sick 235, 252–7

India 391, 456; H inspired by the Raj 401, 402, 405, 449; independence 48; industrialization 403; and Japan 326

inflation 161

Innitzer, Cardinal Theodor 81, 82

Innsbruck 141, 834

International Olympic Committee 5, 7

Iran 189, 530

Iraq 189, 381, 530

Iraqi army 381

Ireland, Republic of 189

Ironside, General William Edmund 203

Italian army: driven out of Libya 546; in German captivity 600; H’s opinion of 549, 588; troops disarmed 600; Wehrmacht’s reliance on 538

Italy: Abyssinian crisis 4, 23, 24, 65; alliance with Germany 24–6, 68; Allied landing 587, 600; annexation of Albania 193; armistice with France 299; and Austria 4, 65, 66, 68, 69; and Bolshevism 25; British 8th Army enters Naples 600; and Czechoslovakia 95, 99, 109, 193; Fascist Grand Council 593, 594, 615; German military outposts 759; H loses trust of 543; H renounces any claim to the South Tyrol 98–9; H’s state visit (1938) 98–9; invasion of Greece 331, 346, 361; ‘Pact of Steel’ with Germany 193; rearmament 25–6; signs armistice with the Allies (3 September 1943) 599, 626; Tripartite Pact (1940) 326

J

Jaenecke, General Erwin 631

Japan: the Anti-Comintern Pact 27; attack on Pearl Harbor (1941) 364, 442, 444, 445, 446, 448; attempts to broker a peace settlement between Germany and Russia 728–9, 730; and China 26–7; economic sanctions 443; H anticipates a victory over China 44; H places his hopes in 457; H seeks commitment to Japanese attack Singapore 363, 364; H’s approval of a German-Japanese alliance 448; H’s attitude towards 504–5; H’s view of Japan’s entry into the war 456, 516; imperial expansion 326; relations with the USA 442–3; and Russia 13; seeks an anti-Soviet alliance 193; Soviet-Japanese neutrality pact 364; Tojo replaces Konoye 443; Tripartite Pact (1940) 326

Japanese air force 443–4

Japanese General Staff 443

Japanese navy 443–4, 517

Jeckeln, Friedrich 486

Jeschonnek, Luftwaffe Chief of Staff Hans 543, 544, 545, 572

Jessen, Jens 664

‘Jewish Question’ 39, 41, 42, 136, 138, 144, 147, 235, 319, 323, 325, 350, 352, 462, 478, 570, 624, 625; and the decision to deport Jews to the east 479; first used by H in diplomatic discussions 583; Goebbels and 279, 472–3, 474, 490; Göring on 131; H ‘pitiless’ (unerbittlich) concerning 494, 510; Höppner’s memorandum 475–6; and the ‘Madagascar solution’ 321; in Poland 317, 324; police force and xliv; radicalization of thinking 318; SS involvement 86, 139