Читаем Как избежать климатических катастроф? План Б 4.0: спасение цивилизации полностью

82 Julian Alston et al., Impacts of Reductions in US Cotton Subsidies on West African Cotton Producers (Boston: Oxfam America, 2007); OECD, op. cit. note 81; Elizabeth Becker, “U.S. Will Cut Farm Subsidies in Trade Deal”, New York Times, 31 July 2004; Randy Schnepf, U.S. Agricultural Policy Response to WTO Cotton Decision (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, последнее обновление 8 сентября 2006 года).

83 Schnepf, op. cit. note 82; Randy Schnepf, Brazil’s WTO Case Against the U.S. Ñîtton Program: A Brief Overview (Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, 17 March 2009).

84 World Bank, Global Economic Prospects, op. cit. note 6, pp. 11–12.

85 “Ending the Cycle of Debt”, New York Times, 1 October 2004; данные по обслуживанию долгов взяты из публикации: World Bank, Little Data Book on External Debt in Global Development Finance 2007 (Washington, DC: 2007), p. 8; затраты на здравоохранение рассчитаны по данным IMF, World Economic and Financial Surveys: Regional Economic Outlook Sub-Saharan Africa (Washington, DC: September 2006), pp. 36, 43, из David Goldsbrough, “IMF Programs and Health Spending”, представленной на Global Conference on Gearing Macroeconomic Policies to Reverse the HIV/AIDS Epidemic, Brasilia, 20 ноября 2006 года, и из U.N. Population Division, World Population Prospects: The 2006 Revision Population Database – см.: esa.un.org/unpp, последнее обновление 2007.

86 “G8 Finance Ministers’ Conclusions on Development”, Pre Summit Statement by G-8 Finance Ministers, London, 10–11 June 2005; Oxfam International, “Gleneagles: What Really Happened at the G8 Summit?” Oxfam Briefing Note (London: 29 July 2005).

87 Oxfam International, “The View from the Summit Gleneagles G8 One Year On”, briefing note (Oxford, U.K.: June 2006).

88 World Bank, Global Monitoring Report 2009, op. cit. note 1, p. 8; UN. World Food Programme, “Financial Crisis and High Food Prices”, fact sheet (Рим: материал обновлен 11 июня 2009 г.).

89 World Bank, “Financial Crisis Could Trap 53 Million More People in Poverty”, выпуск новостей (Washington, DC: 12 February 2009); World Bank, Global Economic Prospects, op. cit. note 6, pp. 11–12; Robert Zoellick, “Seizing Opportunity from Crisis: Making Multilateralism Work”, речь в Thomas Reuters Building, Canary Wharf, London, 31 March 2009.

90 Расчеты по затратам на осуществление социальных целей в таблице 7–1 основаны на следующих источниках: информация по всеобщему начальному образованию от U.K. Treasury, op. cit. note 17; кампания по искоренению неграмотности среди взрослых – по оценкам автора; программа предоставления школьных обедов по информации McGovern, op. cit. note 20; помощь детям дошкольного возраста и беременным женщинам – по оценкам автора на основе U.S.’s Women, Infants, and Children program, based on ibid.; репродуктивное здоровье и планирование семьи по информации Speidel et al., op. cit. note 69, and from Speidel, op. cit. note 69; всеобщее базовое здравоохранение по информации Sachs and Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, op. cit. note 27; решение проблемы нехватки презервативов – по оценкам UNFPA, op. cit. note 33, и из Population Action International, op. cit. note 33.

91 Sachs and Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, op. cit. note 27.

92 Jeffrey D. Sachs, The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time (New York: Penguin Group, 2005).

К ГЛАВЕ 8

1 Craig A. Cox, “Conservation Can Mean Life or Death”, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation , November/December 2004.

2 Там же.

3 U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), The state of the World’s Forests 2009 (Rome: 2009), pp. 109–115.

4 FAO, ForesSTAT – электронная база данных: faostat.fao.org, данные получены путем усреднения за пять лет, обновлены 12 января 2009 г.; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Municipal Solid Waste in the United States: 2007 Facts and Figures (Washington, DC: 2008), p. 102.

5 FAO, op. cit. note 3, p. 129; Daniel M. Kammen, “From Energy Efficiency to Social Utility: Lessons from Cookstove Design, Dissemination, and Use” в книге: Joseˆ Goldemberg and Thomas B. Johansson, Energy as an Instrument for Socio-Economic Development (New York: U.N. Development Programme, 1995).

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